Brief Why Do Some Workers Have Low Social Security Benefits?
Melissa M. Favreault
Display Date
File
File
Download Report
(326.67 KB)

We use data from the Health and Retirement Study linked to administrative data on earnings and benefits to determine why some workers end up with low Social Security benefits in retirement. Several characteristics are associated with family benefits of less than poverty. Racial disparities are pronounced. Women's risk is marked, especially for unmarried women, with caregiving an important contributor to low-benefit risk. Less-educated workers are also vulnerable, sometimes even when they have worked long careers. Workers with health problems and disabled workers-especially those disabled early in the career-are comparatively likely to have family benefits of less than poverty.

Research Areas Aging and retirement Disability equity policy
Tags Social Security Economic well-being Pensions Retirement policy
Policy Centers Income and Benefits Policy Center