This report uses the Census Bureau's Current Population Survey to document national trends in immigrants' use of public benefits in 1994-1997, the period following welfare reform. It builds on an earlier Urban Institute study that found evidence of a chilling effect of welfare reform among legal noncitizen families in Los Angeles County: applications among legal noncitizens for Medi-Cal and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families fell even though there was no change in legal immigrants' eligibility for these programs.