The Roadmap develops three options to implement universal health insurance coverage in Massachusetts, all of which rely on mandates. Mandate implementation strategy ought to maximize voluntary acquisition of coverage by making compliance as easy as possible, reserving strict penalties for persistent violations. Education and compliance assistance should be the central tenet of implementation. Penalties should be phased-in over time, with payment plans developed to ease fulfillment of the requirements. The paper also delineates enforcement strategies to ensure that, if an employer mandate is added to the individual mandate, employers also meet the terms of the program's requirements. (Roadmap to Coverage, October 7, 2005)