Senior fellow Robert Berenson, testifying before the House Ways and Means Health Subcommittee on physician payment reform options in Medicare, argued that long-term approaches need to include bundled payments as an alternative to traditional fee-for-service payments, especially for primary care physicians caring for patients with chronic conditions. Because these reforms are operationally challenging and will require demonstrations of effectiveness, Berenson also suggested reforms to the existing resource-based relative value scale (the basis for the Medicare Fee Schedule) that could be implemented immediately.