Limited health insurance literacy can lead to challenges navigating insurance plan enrollment, accessing health care, and using health care under the health plan. For some newly insured, using health insurance coverage will be a new experience that requires an understanding of such insurance terms as coinsurance, premiums, and deductibles. Once insured, using health insurance often requires adequate numeracy to understand risk and assess the value of different treatment options. These skills may be particularly difficult for adults who have historically had less contact with the health care system. This brief uses data from the June 2014 Health Reform Monitoring Survey (HRMS) to describe literacy and numeracy among nonelderly adults overall and for the population targeted by coverage expansions under the ACA.