Health care for over 9 million elderly and disabled people enrolled in both Medicare and Medicaid ("dual eligibles") is complicated by an inefficient and fragmented system. In each program, dual eligibles account for about one sixth of enrollment but almost 40% of spending. Despite health-care costs exceeding $315 billion in 2011, of which Medicare pays about 55%, both Medicaid and Medicare have shown a striking lack of leadership in coordinating care for dual eligibles. We suggest ways in which the CMS's recently proposed models could be modified to improve both the quality and cost-effectiveness of care for this population.