While the recent, dramatic exodus from welfare is well known, relatively little is known about those who continue to receive welfare. The number receiving cash assistance from the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program dropped from 4.1 to 2.4 million families over the three-year period ending December 1999. While the best studies provide somewhat different explanations of the causes of caseload decline, it seems safe to conclude that new policies combined with the exceptionally strong economy have substantially increased work among low-income single mothers and decreased their reliance on welfare.