This monograph considers ways of expanding health insurance coverage for children. It opens with a discussion of the current coverage of pregnant women and children and the estimated costs of extending coverage to all or selected groups of children. It also explores trends in coverage and looks at the variations in states' use of Medicaid benefits. Data are provided for the numbers of people insured through Medicaid, employers, and other insurance and for the numbers of uninsured pregnant women and children at various income levels. The monograph discusses several ways in which insurance coverage of children could be expanded.