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    <title>Urban Institute: Health/Healthcare</title>
    <link>http://www.urban.org/health/index.cfm</link>
    <description>Urban Institute reports on: Health/Healthcare - The Urban Institute is a nonprofit nonpartisan policy research and educational organization established to examine the social, economic, and governance problems facing the nation.</description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright 2010 Urban Institute</copyright>
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    <lastBuildDate>Thu, 18 Mar 2010 16:35:04 EST</lastBuildDate>
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	    <link>http://www.urban.org</link>
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Cost of Failure to Enact Health Reform: 2010 - 2020 (Updated)]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report assesses the changes in coverage patterns and health care costs that will occur nationally if major reforms are not enacted.  The authors find that by 2015, there could be 59.7 million people uninsured. The number could swell to 67.6 million by 2020, up from an estimated 49.4 million in 2010. As premiums nearly double, employees in small firms would see offers of health insurance almost cut in half, dropping from 41 percent of firms offering insurance in 2010 to 23 percent in 2020.  Individual spending could jump 34 percent by 2015 and 79 percent by 2020.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412049&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Bowen Garrett, Matthew Buettgens, Lan Doan, Irene Headen, John Holahan )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Cost of Uncompensated Care with and without Health Reform]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In this report the authors estimate that under the health reform bill passed by the Senate, the cost of uncompensated care will fall from $62.1 billion in 2009 to $46.6 billion in 2019. If no health reform is enacted, they project that uncompensated care would rise to between $107 and $141 billion in 2019. Over the six-year period of proposed health reform legislation, 20142019, the costs of uncompensated care without health reform would be between $560 and $700 billion. With reform, the cost would be $330 billion under the Senate bill and provide substantive savings to each level of government.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412045&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  John Holahan, Bowen Garrett )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412045_cost_of_uncompensated.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="280504" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[How Will Comparative Effectiveness Research Affect the Quality of Health Care?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Building on the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, health reform legislation would develop an infrastructure for the ongoing generation and dissemination of information on the comparative effectiveness, where  "comparative effectiveness" has been defined as the study of methods to prevent, diagnoses, treat, and monitor A clinical condition or improve  delivery of care to assist consumers, clinicians, purchasers, and policy makers to make informed decisions to improve health care at both individual and population levels. The issue brief explores the concept and describes areas of controversy that need to be addressed to make comparative effectiveness research successful.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412040&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Elizabeth Docteur, Robert A. Berenson )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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	<title><![CDATA[THE BIGGEST LOSERS, HEALTH EDITION : Who Would Be Hurt the Most by a Failure to Enact Comprehensive Reforms?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This brief describes the groups with the most to lose if comprehensive health care reform is not enactedpeople who either lack coverage today or who are required to pay the most for health insurance and medical care.  These include the self-employed, those working for small employers, those with health problems, older working-age adults and early retirees, the low-incomes, and others without access to employer-based insurance.  Reform's combination of Medicaid expansions, subsidies for exchange-based coverage, broader-based sharing of risk, and administrative economies of scale would make meaningful coverage affordable for the vast majority of individuals disadvantaged by the current system.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412037&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Linda J. Blumberg )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Stories: Using Information in Community Building and Local Policy : Third Edition]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (NNIP) is a collaborative effort of the Urban Institute and local organizations in more than 30 cities that operate recurrently updated information systems with neighborhood level data and work to ensure the data will be applied effectively in policy development and community building. This collection of brief case studies describes the local partners successes in using neighborhood indicators to improve their communities in several areas, including neighborhood development, housing, children and schools, crime and prisoner reentry, health and service delivery.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412033&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Jake Cowan, G. Thomas Kingsley )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412033_stories_using_information.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="767034" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Will Health Care Costs Bankrupt Aging Boomers?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Rising health care costs threaten boomers' retirement security. In 2040, half of adults age 65 and older will spend at least 19 percent of their incomes on health care, up from 10 percent in 2010, if costs grow at the intermediate rate projected by the Medicare trustees. About 7 in 10 older Americans in the bottom two-fifths of the income distribution will spend more than 20 percent of their incomes on health care in 2040. These projections underscore the importance of controlling health care costs and the need for boomers to plan for future health care spending.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412026&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Richard W. Johnson, Corina Mommaerts )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 17 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412026_health_care_costs.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="276995" />
		
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	<title><![CDATA[Making Health Reform More Affordable for Working Families: The Effect of Employee Choice Vouchers]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Many low-income workers would be prevented from accessing subsidies under current health reform proposals if they are offered employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI).  This report examines the effectiveness of two employee choice voucher options in making health care more affordable for such families. Findings show that employee choice vouchers would make health coverage dramatically more affordable for the low-income families who take advantage of them, would increase insurance coverage very modestly, and would not significantly change government or employer spending.  The voucher programs considered would modestly reduce the number of people covered by ESI while having little effect on premiums.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412025&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Matthew Buettgens, Linda J. Blumberg )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 15 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Corporation for Supportive Housing's Returning Home Initiative: System Change Accomplishments after Three Years]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In 2006, the Corporation for Supportive Housing launched its Returning Home Initiative (RHI) with two goals: 1) to establish permanent supportive housing as an essential reentry component for formerly incarcerated persons with histories of homelessness, mental illness, and chronic health conditions; and 2) to promote local and national policy changes to integrate the corrections, housing, mental health, and human service systems. The Urban Institute assessed the process of system change stimulated by RHI activities in New York, Los Angeles, and Chicagothree communities receiving significant RHI investment. This brief summarizes the influence of RHI-funded activities in each of these cities.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412024&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Martha R. Burt, Jocelyn Fontaine, Caterina Gouvis Roman )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412024_returning_home_initiative.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="187315" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[A Comment on &quot;The Massachusetts Health Plan - Much Pain, Little Gain&quot;]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The Cato Institute recently released a study of health reform in Massachusetts by Aaron Yelowitz and Michael F. Cannon, entitled "The Massachusetts Health Plan: Much Pain, Little Gain." That study reports fewer gains in health insurance coverage and higher costs than have been reported by earlier studies. As the Urban Institute has done a substantial amount of research on health reform in Massachusetts, we have received a number of requests to reconcile the findings on health insurance coverage from the Cato study with the findings from earlier work. This paper is a response to those requests.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901318&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Sharon K. Long )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901318_mass_health_plan.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="92151" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Budgeting in the Ideal and in the United States]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Institute Fellow Rudy Penner describes how the U.S. budget is prepared by the executive branch and Congress, and how it then is implemented by the executive branch.  The budget preparation process could be improved, Penner asserts, but budget implementation works smoothly and efficiently. The severe long-run budget problem the country faces is caused by only three spending programs: Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. All are growing faster than the economy, and there is strong opposition against raising tax burdens. Changes are suggested for the budget process so that it is better suited for dealing with this long-run problem.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901317&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Rudolph G. Penner )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901317_budgeting_us.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="48664" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Health Care Spending Under Reform: Less Uncompensated Care and Lower Costs to Small Employers]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In this brief, we estimate that the annual cost of uncompensated health care for the uninsured would decrease from $61 billion to $25 billion under health reform legislation passed in the House. Because the government finances about three-quarters of uncompensated care, up to $27 billion per year could be used to offset the expansion of Medicaid and subsidies to employers and individuals. Overall, employers' net costs would increase by 2.9 percent over the current system, but small employers' net costs would decrease 8 percent due to employer subsidies, the expansion of Medicaid, and exemptions from penalties for not offering insurance.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412016&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Lisa Clemans-Cope, Bowen Garrett, Matthew Buettgens )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412016_health_care_spending.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="290281" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The U.S. Is Broke. Here's Why.]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In his State of the Union address, President Obama no doubt will promise to attack the deficit.  Trouble is, the deficit is only a symptom of a chronic disease that strikes at the very heart of democratic government. The disease? Fiscal sclerosis  setting future national priorities in stone long before the future has arrived. Our fiscal arteries are so clogged and hardened that to do anything new, meet any emergency, or engage any new opportunity, the president must renege on past legislators' promises. If he doesn't address unsustainable promises head on, government will be tied up with yesterday's problems and the demands of yesterday's voters.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901316&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[How Would States Be Affected by Health Reform?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In this paper we examine various pathways through which individuals could gain coverage through the Senate and House health reform proposals. We show that large shares of the population, particularly the uninsured, could potentially gain coverage under health reform through one pathway or another, depending on income and employment status. The number of individuals who would gain coverage and how they would gain coverage varies considerably among states. The benefits of the reform would be disproportionately in southern and western states due to their current low levels of coverage and low incomes.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412015&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  John Holahan, Linda J. Blumberg )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412015_affected_by_health_reform.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="1416420" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Work Ability and the Social Insurance Safety Net in the Years Prior to Retirement]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Questions persist about how well Social Security Disability  Insurance, workers' compensation, Supplemental Security Income, and veterans'  benefits protect people who are unable to work. This study examines disability  benefit receipt, income, and poverty status for a sample of Americans as they  age. The results underscore the precarious financial state of most people  approaching traditional retirement age with disabilities. Fewer than half of  people who meet our disability criteria ever receive disability benefits in  their fifties or early sixties. Poverty rates for those who do are more than  three times as high after benefit receipt than before disability onset.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412008&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Richard W. Johnson, Melissa Favreault, Corina Mommaerts )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412008_work_ability.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="459878" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Disability Just Before Retirement Often Leads to Poverty]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[A patchwork of public programs, including Social Security  Disability Insurance, workers compensation, Supplemental Security Income, and  veterans benefits, provides income supports to people with health problems who  are unable to work. Yet, many Americans who develop disabilities in their  fifties or early sixties fall into poverty. With millions of boomers entering  their sixtieswhen work disability rates peakits time to fix the social  insurance safety net for disabled workers.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412009&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Richard W. Johnson, Melissa Favreault, Corina Mommaerts )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412009_disability_retirement.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="51320" />
		
    </item>


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	<title><![CDATA[Reconciling House and Senate Health Reform Proposals: Eligibility, Enrollment, and Retention]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[For health reform legislation to maximize coverage among low-income, uninsured Americans, the administrative details for subsidies need to make enrollment and retention simple, seamless, and as automatic as possible for consumers. Neither the House nor the Senate health reform bill extends to Medicaid the streamlined procedures that apply to other subsidies. And with multiple subsidy systems operating under reform, consumers could easily fail to receive coverage for which they qualify. To avoid such difficulties, lawmakers could establish, for all subsidy systems, a single, streamlined system for eligibility determination, enrollment, and retention that minimizes the need for consumers to complete paperwork.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412004&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Stan Dorn )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412004_health_reform_proposals.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="128099" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Potential Impacts of Alternative Health Care Reform Proposals for Children with Medicaid and CHIP Coverage (Updated 1/8)]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[For children currently enrolled in Medicaid and CHIP, the health reform bills in the House and Senate present both potential benefits and risks in terms of the type of coverage these children would have and their access to needed care. This brief estimates the number of children enrolled in Medicaid and CHIP who would have been affected if provisions in pending health reform bills were implemented in 2007. Potential tradeoffs associated with shifting children from CHIP into Medicaid or new exchange plans are discussed.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411993&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Genevieve M. Kenney, Allison Cook )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411993_CHIP_coverage.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="110025" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Health Care Reform: Implications of a Two Subsidy System]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This presentation outlines some of the dilemmas of a new health reform subsidy that is not available to those who get insurance from employers. For instance, most low- and middle-income earners would be better off receiving insurance from an exchange than an employer. Implications for labor markets, equity issues, and administration are briefly outlined.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=500144&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 29 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/509103_healthcarereform.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="144680" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[What Would Health Care Reform Mean for Small Employers and Their Workers?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Small employers face significant challenges in providing health insurance to their employees.  This paper reviews these barriers to purchasing coverage and examines the implications of the House of Representatives' and the Senate leadership's health care reform bills for small firms and their workers. Health insurance exchanges, insurance market reforms, and subsidies for the low-income can be expected to produce substantial improvements in the ability of small employers and their workers to obtain affordable coverage. In addition, the authors demonstrate that neither bill imposes substantial new financial burdens on small businesses.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411997&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Linda J. Blumberg, Stacey McMorrow )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411997_health_reform_smallbusiness.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="245861" />
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Progress Enrolling Children in Medicaid/CHIP: Who is Left and What are the Prospects for Covering More Children? (Updated 12/14/09)]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This brief examines the characteristics of the children who were eligible for Medicaid/CHIP in 2007. The results show that while participation rates were high in both Medicaid and CHIP, some 5 million remained uninsured despite being eligible for coverage.  Participation rates, which were found to vary across areas, have likely increased given recent declines in the number of uninsured children. The brief also shows that while interest in public coverage is high among low-income parents, many do not know not know that their child is eligible for Medicaid/CHIP, do not know how to apply, and/or find the application process difficult.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411981&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Genevieve M. Kenney, Allison Cook, Lisa Dubay )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411981_Progress_Enrolling_Children_11_10.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="104892" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Premium and Cost-Sharing Subsidies under Health Reform: Implications for Coverage, Costs, and Affordability]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Using the Urban Institute's Health Insurance Policy Simulation Model (HIPSM), we estimate coverage, costs, and household financial burdens under legislation proposed by the Senate Finance Committee and under two alternative subsidy schedules: those specified in the Senate Leadership bill, and those specified in H.R. 3962, passed by the House of Representatives. This analysis shows that health care cost burdens can be substantial for those with modest incomes and significant health care needs. It shows how enhanced premium and cost-sharing subsidies could reduce burdens, while increasing overall coverage and government costs.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411992&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Bowen Garrett, Lisa Clemans-Cope, Matthew Buettgens )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411992_health_reform.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="443215" />
		
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	<title><![CDATA[The Secrets of Massachusetts' Success: Why 97 Percent of State Residents Have Health Coverage]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Less than two years after Massachusetts' 2006 reform law was implemented, 2.6 percent of residents were uninsured-the lowest proportion ever recorded in an American state. The state's individual mandate alone does not explain this result, since it is not enforced against adults with incomes at or below 150 percent FPL or children. During a multi-day site visit, researchers identified several factors contributing to Massachusetts' high enrollment, including an intensive marketing campaign; use of data to establish subsidy eligibility for newly-insured residents; an integrated eligibility system serving multiple subsidy programs with a single application; and healthcare provider/community-based organization-driven application assistance.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411987&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Stan Dorn, Ian Hill, Sara Hogan )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411987_massachusetts_success.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="438773" />
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Applying 21st-Century Eligibility and Enrollment Methods to National Health Care Reform]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Many past health coverage expansions experienced low participation levels by the uninsured who qualified for help. To avoid similar pitfalls with national health reform, policymakers need to incorporate 21st-century approaches to eligibility determination, enrollment, and retention. One such approach qualifies individuals for subsidies based on reliable data in government hands rather than consumers' completion of traditional application forms. Federal income tax data could thus establish eligibility for subsidies, since more than 6 out of 7 uninsured-86.3 percentfile such returns. Such data-driven eligibility may also lower administrative costs and error rates.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411985&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Stan Dorn )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 30 Nov 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411985_national_health_care_reform.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="375738" />
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Getting to a Public Option that Contains Costs: Negotiations, Opt-Outs and Triggers]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This paper argues that the debate over the public option has gotten lost in rhetoric over the size and role of government. It underscores the central argument that a public option would likely have lower premiums than current private plans, with savings resulting from lower administrative costs, and average provider payment rates that are lower than what private plans currently negotiate. The authors also assess two approaches being considered to improve the political feasibility of a public option: (1) allowing states to opt out of a public option; and (2) delaying implementation of a public option until a triggering event related to health care costs occurred.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411984&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Robert A. Berenson, John Holahan, Stephen Zuckerman )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411984_public_option.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="146035" />
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Can Accountable Care Organizations Improve the Value of Health Care by Solving the Cost and Quality Quandaries?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Experts agree that the way health care is currently paid for in the United States, especially in the traditional, fee-for-service Medicare program, does not support coordinated care that is high quality and cost-efficient. To address these problems, policy-makers are taking a close look at accountable care organizations (ACOs).

This policy brief explores what ACO are, how they compare to previous reform concepts such as Health Maintenance Organizations and Provider Sponsored Organizations, key design and implementation issues, and opportunities and challenges.

The authors conclude that ACOs are no real game changers in the short term, but are nevertheless important to try.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411975&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Kelly Devers, Robert A. Berenson )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411975_acountable_care_orgs.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="342020" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Can Accountable Care Organizations Improve the Value of Health Care by Solving the Cost and Quality Quandaries? - Summary]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Experts agree that the way health care is currently paid for in the United States, especially in the traditional, fee-for-service Medicare program, does not support coordinated care that is high quality and cost-efficient. To address these problems, policy-makers are taking a close look at accountable care organizations (ACOs).

This policy brief explores what ACO are, how they compare to previous reform concepts such as Health Maintenance Organizations and Provider Sponsored Organizations, key design and implementation issues, and opportunities and challenges.

The authors conclude that ACOs are no real game changers in the short term, but are nevertheless important to try.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411979&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Robert A. Berenson, Kelly Devers )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411979_acountable_care_orgs_summary.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="192120" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Congressionally Mandated Evaluation of the State Children's Health Insurance Program: Final Cross-Cutting Report on the Findings from Ten State Site Visits]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report synthesizes findings from case studies conducted in 2001 and 2002 in ten states selected for the Congressionally Mandated Evaluation of SCHIP: California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, and Texas (Hill et al. 2002).Discussion addresses such issues as program design, outreach and enrollment strategies, benefits, service delivery systems, cost sharing, crowd out prevention, parental coverage, financing, and coordination of SCHIP and Medicaid.Overarching conclusions identify lessons learned from effective implementation.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001343&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Ian Hill, Corinna Hawkes, Mary Harrington, William Black, Embry M. Howell, Heidi  Kapustka, Amy Westpfahl Lutzky, Additional Authors )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 03 Nov 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001343_schip.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="672434" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The High Cost of Small Business Health Insurance: Limited Options, Limited Coverage : Hearing Before the Committee on Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations United States House of Representatives]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Small employers and their workers face an assortment of barriers to obtaining health insurance coverage. These include high administrative costs, limited ability to spread health care risk, and a low-wage workforce. These issues have led to low rates of coverage offers by small employers and high rates of uninsurance among their workers. An insurance exchange, such as the one proposed in H.R. 3200, would spread health care risk and reduce administrative costs. The financial assistance provided to the low-income under the bill would benefit many small-firm workers. As such, the bill would significantly increase coverage among workers of small employers.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901290&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Linda J. Blumberg )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 20 Oct 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901290_limited_options_coverage.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="53119" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Age Rating Under Comprehensive Health Care Reform: : Implications for Coverage, Costs, and Household Financial Burdens]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Congressional proposals health care reform proposals have differed in the premium rating rules that would be applied to non-elderly adults. Some have proposed allowing premiums for the older adults to be as much as 5 times as high as those for younger adults (5:1 rating), while others would limit the highest premiums to be twice that of the lowest (2:1 rating). This analysis uses the Health Insurance Policy Simulation Model (HIPSM) to compare the financial implications of the premium rating choice (5:1, 2:1, and 1:1) for households of different ages, incomes, and sizes.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411970&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Linda J. Blumberg, Matthew Buettgens, Bowen Garrett )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411970_age_rating.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="326735" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Variation in Insurance Coverage Across Congressional Districts : New Estimates from 2008]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[New data on health insurance coverage from the American Community Survey show extensive variation in rates of private and public coverage and uninsurance across congressional districts in the United States. Rates of private coverage are lowest in districts that have higher poverty rates which tend to be concentrated in the South and West and uninsurance remains most serious in districts with low rates of private coverage. This analysis identifies the districts in which residents would have the most to gain from health reforms that are designed to increase health insurance coverage toward a higher and more uniform national standard.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411967&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Genevieve M. Kenney, Victoria Lynch, Stephen Zuckerman, Samantha Phong )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 05 Oct 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411967_variation_in_insurance.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="655798" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Cost of Failure to Enact Health Reform: Implications for States]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This paper used the Health Insurance Policy Simulation Model to examine the impact on insurance coverage in government, employer, and family spending in all 50 states in absence of reform. In all states employer sponsored insurance would fall, and Medicaid enrollment and the number of uninsured would increase. Employer spending would increase despite drops in coverage. Government spending for public health insurance programs and for financing of uncompensated care would increase. The results differ among states depending on the distribution of employees by firm size and wage levels, the breadth of coverage in public programs and projected population growth.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411965&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Bowen Garrett, John Holahan, Lan Doan, Irene Headen )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411965_failure_to_enact.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="1928466" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Estimating the Cost of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This analysis estimates cost burdens of racial and ethnic disparities in a select set of preventable diseases including diabetes, hypertension and stroke. Excess rates of these diseases among African Americans and Latinos relative to whites will cost the health care system $23.9 billion dollars in 2009. Medicare alone will spend an extra $15.6 billion, and private insurers will spend an extra $5.1 billion. Over the next decade, the total cost is approximately $337 billion. Left unchecked, these annual costs will more than double by 2050 as the representation of Latinos and African Americans among the elderly increases.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411962&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Timothy Waidmann )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 22 Sep 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411962_health_disparities.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="77970" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Debunking the Government Takeover Myth]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Pending health reform legislation would leave our largely private medical care system intact, give the federal government no new authority to intervene in private health care decisions, and increase health care options for millions of Americans, two senior researchers make clear.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901286&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Stan Dorn, Stephen Zuckerman )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901286_govt_takeover_myth.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="16396" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Health Reform in Massachusetts:  An Update on Insurance Coverage and Support for Reform as of Fall 2008]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Massachusetts began an ambitious push toward near universal health insurance coverage in 2006. This policy brief provides an update of the impacts of health reform in Massachusetts on insurance coverage as of Fall 2008 for working-age adults, the primary target population of the reform initiative, along with an update on support for health reform in the state. Findings demonstrate that the state has achieved its goal of near universal health insurance coverage and that state residents continue to show strong support for health reform, even in the face of increasing program costs and the recession that began in December 2007. Given the success of the coverage expansion, Massachusetts policymakers are turning to the next phase of health reform - reigning in health care costs.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411958&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Sharon K. Long, Karen Stockley )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 11 Sep 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411958_mass_health_reform.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="355745" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Structuring, Financing and Paying for Effective Chronic Care Coordination]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Growing evidence demonstrates that certain approaches to financing and paying for chronic care coordination for patients are effective not only for improving patient well-being but can also reduce health care spending. However, chronic care approaches should vary for different patient populations and can be carried out effectively by diverse organizations and professionals reflecting the heterogeneity of health care delivery throughout the US. The Report considers the different populations in need of care coordination, summarizes current evidence of effectiveness, describes the various entities that can serve as focal points for coordinating care, and details the possible financing and payment options that can support these approaches.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001316&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Robert A. Berenson, Julianne Howell )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 11 Sep 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001316_chronic_care.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="775275" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Current Health Reform Proposals: No Government Takeover of American Health Care]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This paper debunks claims that proposed health reforms represent a government takeover of health care. We show, among other findings, that pending legislation would: (1) retain the nation's largely private medical care system, in which more than 90 percent of doctors are in private practice and 84 percent of all hospital admissions are to private facilities; (2) avoid government interference in the practice of medicine, instead simply extending existing public responsibilities to fund coverage for low-income Americans and regulate insurance; and (3) cover only 12 million people through a public option, based on Congressional Budget Office projections.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411952&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Stan Dorn, Stephen Zuckerman )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411952_current_health_reform.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="104527" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Making a Business Case for Reducing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care : Key Issues and Observations]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are an important problem, for affected individuals, caregivers, and society at large. Numerous remedial efforts have been launched, including the Finding Answers program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF). Reform calls for documenting disparities, developing and disseminating information about effective remedies, and generating supportive business cases for improvement. This brief report focuses the need for business cases, which are harder to build than might at first appear, as shown by a literature scan and interviews with entities working to reduce disparities under RWJF grants.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411951&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Randall R. Bovbjerg, Harry P. Hatry, Elaine Morley )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411951_Businesscarefinal.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="125382" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Nursing Workforce Challenge : Public Policy for a Dynamic and Complex Market]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Nurses are health care's backbone, spending the most time with patients, and working with teams of caregivers in institutions and serving as advanced practice nurses in primary care settings. Short-term shortages wax and wane, but concerns about a shortage are more serious now because the next decade may see more older nurses retiring than new ones entering the workforce. Education needs to be augmented and improved, but no precise estimation method can show how many nurses society "should" produce. Policy should focus more on nurses' scopes of practice and aligning how they are treated and paid with the value they add to patient care.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411933&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Randall R. Bovbjerg, Barbara A. Ormond, Nancy M. Pindus )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411933_professionalnurse.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="728270" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[How Will the Uninsured be Affected by Health Reform?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In this analysis, a health reform scenario is modeled that would expand Medicaid to an estimated 17.0 million uninsured individuals with incomes up to 133 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL), would provide subsidies to 16.3 million uninsured individuals with incomes between 133 and 399 percent of the FPL, and would require an additional 4.3 million uninsured individuals to obtain coverage through an individual mandate, though they would not be eligible for Medicaid or subsidies. The first brief contains an overview of the entire nonelderly uninsured population, and the three remaining briefs address children, parents and childless adults, respectively.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411950&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Lisa Dubay, Allison Cook, Bowen Garrett )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[How Does the Quality of U.S. Health Care Compare Internationally?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In a review of published literature, authors Elizabeth Docteur and Robert Berenson, explored the question, How Does the Quality of U.S. Health Care Compare Internationally? The findings don't provide a definitive answer but suggest no support for the oft-repeated claim that "U.S. health care is the best in the world." The U.S. does relatively well in some areas, including cancer care, and less well in others, including conditions amenable to prevention and coordinated management of chronic conditions. The authors conclude that concerns that health reform could compromise currently excellent care are unwarranted; health reform can only help.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411947&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Elizabeth Docteur, Robert A. Berenson )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411947_ushealthcare_quality.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="149014" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Infants and Toddlers in State and Federal Budgets: Summary Report from Urban Institute Roundtable]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report summarizes the roundtable "Infants and Toddlers in State and Federal Budgets: Yesterday's Choices, Today's Decisions, Tomorrow's Options" conducted by the Urban Institute, with support from the A.L. Mailman Family Foundation, on March 30, 2009. The roundtable's focus grew out of the widely perceived mismatch between sharply limited public investments on infants and toddlers and an accumulated body of research demonstrating the significance of the earliest years of life. We describe the group's diverse perspectives and wide-ranging discussion of strategies to address this mismatch.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411942&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Rosa Maria Castaneda, Olivia Golden )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411942_infants_and_toddlers.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="100504" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Lessons for Health Reform from the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program is the nation's largest employer-sponsored health plan, offering enrollees numerous options for health insurance. The program has long kept participation high, administrative costs low, and premiums affordable-making it an enticing model for health reformers of all political stripes. Most curent federal reform proposals include a similar insurance "exchange" to offer a range of private-market insurance choices to a broader population. While opening the FEHBP to non-federal employees or replicating its features nationally is not feasible, program experience suggests lessons about benefits design, relations with participating health plans, and avoiding adverse selection in enrollment.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411940&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Randall R. Bovbjerg )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411940_lessons_for_health_reform.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="94867" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Health Care Town Hall Debating Points]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Emotions are flaring as constituents speak their minds to members of Congress home for August recess. That's to be expected, since health care is both a personal and public issue, but let's not forget to debate the basics:]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901275&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Robert A. Berenson, Linda J. Blumberg, Randall R. Bovbjerg, Allison Cook, Bowen Garrett, Irene Headen, John Holahan, Aaron Lucas, Timothy Waidmann, Aimee Williams )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901275_healthcare_debating_points.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="22998" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Increasing Health Insurance Coverage for High-Cost Older Adults]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Because a small fraction of individuals account for a large share of total health expenditures, insurers gain more by excluding high-cost people from coverage than by efficiently managing the care of enrollees. The incentives for insurers to avoid high-cost and high-risk enrollees affect not only the likelihood of health insurance coverage for the high-risk population, but also the cost and accessibility of coverage overall in the small-group and nongroup private health insurance markets. This paper identifies public policies that might address these problems in private health insurance markets more effectively and delineates the advantages and disadvantages of each.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001296&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Linda J. Blumberg, Timothy Waidmann )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001296_increasinghealthinsurance.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="630247" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[How We Can Pay for Health Reform]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In this paper and brief, the authors discuss alternative ways that health reform could be financed. They analyze different options including several proposals for delivery system reforms and for reduction in Medicare and Medicaid payments.  They estimate the cost savings that could occur due to the introduction of a public plan option.  Finally, they explore a range of revenue options.  The key message of the paper is that health reform can be paid for, but it is best to obtain funds from a large number of measures to spread the burden broadly.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411932&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Robert A. Berenson, John Holahan, Linda J. Blumberg, Randall R. Bovbjerg, Timothy Waidmann, Allison Cook, Aimee Williams )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411932_howwecanpay.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="275346" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[A Report on the First Year of the San Mateo County Adult Coverage Initiative and Systems Redesign for Adult Medicine Clinic Care]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report presents early findings of an evaluation of San Mateo County's Health System Redesign and Adult Coverage Initiative (ACE), an effort to improve effectiveness, efficiency, and care coordination among uninsured and underserved adults in the county. Enrollment in the ACE program has exceeded expectations, yet sustained financing for the program has yet to be identified. We have observed reforms in scheduling, team-based care, and the implementation of electronic medical records. However, we found significant barriers to access for primary care and specialty appointments. This analysis is the first of several ongoing evaluation reports by the Urban Institute and UCSF.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411928&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Embry M. Howell, Sarah Benatar, Dana Hughes )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411928_areportonthefirstyear.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="273359" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Reducing Obesity: Policy Strategies from the Tobacco Wars]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[To combat the epidemic of obesity, lawmakers can adapt policy approaches that have substantially cut tobacco use. A 10 percent tax on fattening food, identified based on a model used by the British government to determine the foods that may not be advertised to children, would reduce consumption while raising more than $500 billion over 10 years. Adding simple, "traffic light" nutrition labels to the front of each food package would change consumers' buying habits, as would listing calories on menus at chain restaurants. Consumption of fattening food would be further reduced by banning its advertisement in the mass media.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411926&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Carolyn L. Engelhard, Arthur Garson, Jr., Stan Dorn )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 27 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411926_reducing_obesity.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="1461798" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Do Access Experiences Affect Parents' Decisions to Enroll Their Children in Medicaid and SCHIP? Findings from Focus Groups with Parents]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[For the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Covering Kids and Families evaluation (CKF), researchers conducted focus groups to explore parents' experiences accessing health care for their children, and to assess whether these experiences affected decisions to enroll their children in Medicaid or the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). In each community, groups were conducted with parents of children insured by Medicaid or SCHIP and parents of uninsured children. Researchers concluded that even when parents encountered problems accessing care, very few indicated that this discouraged them from enrolling their children into Medicaid or SCHIP, or from renewing their children's public coverage.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001293&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Ian Hill, Holly Stockdale, Marilynn Evert, Kathleen Gifford )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001293_access_focus_groups.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="229846" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Are Health Care Costs a Burden for Older Americans?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Although Medicare covers nearly all Americans age 65 and older, premiums, cost shares, and holes in the benefit package raise concerns about seniors' ability to pay for their health care. This brief, based on newly released data, shows that Medicare Part D, introduced in 2006 to cover prescription drugs, helped reduce out-of-pocket costs. The majority of older adults devoted less than one-eighth of their incomes to health care in 2006. However, nearly half of low-income seniors spent more than 20 percent of their 2006 incomes on health care. Medical costs for seniors should figure into the health-reform debate.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411924&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Richard W. Johnson, Corina Mommaerts )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411924_health_care_burden.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="111207" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Achieving Quality, Affordable Health Insurance for All New Yorkers: An Analysis of Reform Options]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Under contract to the State of New York, researchers conducted in-depth micro-simulation analyses of four types of health care reforms being considered for state implementation: a single payer public health insurance option, Assembly Member Gottfried's New York Health Plus proposal that provides an option for all New Yorkers to enroll in Family Health plus, public-private hybrid options that simplify and expand existing public programs and reform private health insurance, and a market-based option that relies on regulatory flexibility and tax credits. The cost and coverage implications of state reform options falling into these four categories are presented in this report.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411925&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Linda J. Blumberg, Bowen Garrett, Matthew Buettgens, Lisa Clemans-Cope, John Holahan, Aaron Lucas, Paul Masi, Baoping Shang )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411925_ny_health_insurance.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Health/Healthcare.xml" type="application/pdf" length="536034" />
		
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