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    <title>Urban Institute: Federal/State Government</title>
    <link>http://www.urban.org/government/index.cfm</link>
    <description>Urban Institute reports on: Federal/State Government - The Urban Institute is a nonprofit nonpartisan policy research and educational organization established to examine the social, economic, and governance problems facing the nation.</description>
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    <copyright>Copyright 2009 Urban Institute</copyright>
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	    <link>http://www.urban.org</link>
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Political Claims Get a Reality Check in &quot;Policy and Evidence in a Partisan Age&quot;]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In Policy and Evidence in a Partisan Age: The Great Disconnect, Paul Gary Wyckoff presents an accessible, compact, and iconoclastic exploration of the paradox between the exaggerated claims made for public policies and the reality of their limited effectiveness.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901255&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Systems to Improve the Management of City-Owned Land in Baltimore]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Baltimore participated in a 2004 National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (NNIP) pilot project to enhance local capacity to manage land markets through innovative use of parcel-level information. The city already had a program in place to acquire and re-market abandoned properties. The NNIP project focused on helping officials use the program-generated property information for more effective land management. New information systems were created to manage the complex business rules, to store the property data, and to provide staff with desktop access to information. An integrated disposition system reduced staff time, improved performance, and enhanced the city's service to its business partners.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411866&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  William Ballard, G. Thomas Kingsley )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Tax-Law Expert Demystifies the 100-Year-Old Corporate Tax]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The U.S. corporate tax has been in effect longer than the current individual income tax but it has only rarely changed significantly since its 1909 inception. Daniel N. Shaviro, in the new book Decoding the U.S. Corporate Tax, outlines longstanding imperfections in the tax code and describes difficulties in applying corporate tax laws now that financial instruments are so complex and capital flows are worldwide. Shaviro also explains how political and economic realities are likely to frustrate much-needed changes to the tax code.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901238&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 13 Feb 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Role of Faith-based and Community Organizations in Providing Relief and Recovery Services after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This research brief examines the relief and recovery services provided by faith-based and community organizations (FBCOs) in the Gulf Coast region after hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005. The study included a telephone survey of 202 FBCOs that provided services and in-depth case studies of eight organizations. The brief explores how FBCOs functioned during this time-i.e., what they did, who they served, and with whom they collaborated-and offers lessons learned for planning for future disasters. The brief summarizes the findings from the full report "The Role of Faith-Based and Community Organizations in Post-Hurricane Human Service Relief Efforts," available at http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=1001245.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001244&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Carol J. De Vita, Fredrica D. Kramer )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Role of Faith-Based and Community Organizations in Post-Hurricane Human Services Relief Efforts]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The events surrounding hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005 produced one of the largest disaster responses by nongovernmental, charitable organizations, including both faith-based and community organizations (FBCOs). This report is based on a telephone survey of 202 FBCOs that provided disaster-related human services and in-depth, field-based case studies of eight organizational responses after the hurricanes. The survey findings address what types of services were provided, to whom, and the collaborations used by FBCOs to deliver services. The case studies explore what motivated the response in 2005 and suggest how such efforts might connect with the larger disaster response and human service delivery systems to provide needed services in future disasters (For more information, contact Principal Investigators Carol J. De Vita and Fredrica D. Kramer).]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001245&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Carol J. De Vita, Fredrica D. Kramer, Lauren Eyster, Sam Hall, Petya Kehayova, Timothy Triplett )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001245_hurricane_relief_recovery_full_report.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="451179" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Experiment to Get Best Stimulus Results]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[What will work best to stimulate the nation out of recession? Look to the states, saysLen Burmanin a commentary for public radio's Marketplace program.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901213&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Leonard E. Burman )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Boundaries Between Nonprofits and Business Are Increasingly Blurred, Scholars Say]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Nonprofits and businesses interact in more and newer ways every year as powerful economic and social forces change. Nonprofits adopt more business-like practices, corporations support nonprofits through cause-related marketing, and social entrepreneurs create private businesses to achieve social goals. Nonprofits and Business, a new Urban Institute Press book, explores these and many other ways the two sectors collaborate, compete, and clash.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901209&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 14 Jan 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Legislating-for-Results Municipal Action Guides]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The Urban Institute and National League of Cities developed this series of 10 guides for city and county elected officials, and their staffs, to help them obtain and use information about the results of their governments' services in helping their citizens. The Guides address such issues as: improving strategic planning; improving budgeting decisions; reviewing programs throughout the year; helping motivate their government's employees and contractors; and two-way communications with citizens on what citizens are getting for their money. Specific actions are suggested, and examples are provided.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001232&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Harry P. Hatry, Katharine Mark, James Fountain, Chris Hoene, Katherine Bates )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 02 Dec 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Governing for Results: Improving Federal Government Performance and Accountability : Suggestions for the New Federal Administration]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Providing the best possible government services to our citizens requires accountability and effective measurement of performance. It's been 15 years since Congress passed the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, which requires each federal agency to develop strategic plans, annual performance plans, and performance reports. The time is right to review the performance improvement process so the new administration can build on, and exceed, previous results.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901197&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Harry P. Hatry )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[SVORI Evaluates the Effectiveness of Re-Entry Programs]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Funded by the Departments of Justice, Labor, Education, Housing and Urban Development, and Health and Human Services, the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) supports innovative reentry programs at the state and community level. As part of this effort, the National Institute of Justice is funding a five-year evaluation of SVORI programs conducted by RTI International and the Urban Institute. This article, published in the August 2006 issue of the Probation and Pretrial Services System Newsletter, outlines the research questions to be addressed by the evaluation as well as the methodologies employed- implementation assessment, impact evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001222&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Laura Winterfield )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 30 Oct 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001222_SVORI_evaluation.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="72669" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Pre-release Characteristics and Service Receipt among Adult Male Participants in the SVORI Multi-site Evaluation]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report presents findings from the Multi-site Evaluation of the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI). The results of our initial in-prison interviews with SVORI participants and comparison respondents are included, in addition to an overview of the SVORI programs observed. The report describes the characteristics of the adult male prisoners we interviewed, the services they reported needing, and the services they reported receiving prior to release. Overall, SVORI participants reported receiving more services of a variety of types than members of the comparison group, although there was considerable variation in the levels of services among the sites.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001218&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Pamela K. Lattimore, Christy Visher, Danielle Steffey, Jenny Osborne, Susan Brumbaugh )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 10 Oct 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001218_SVORI_evaluation.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="24614" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Release Planning for Successful Reentry : A Guide for Corrections, Service Providers, and Community Groups]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report is designed to help the corrections community, service providers and community groups prepare prisoners for the moment of release from prison and the time immediately following release. It describes the eight most basic and immediate needs returning prisoners have when they exit prison, recommends minimum policies practitioners can institute to meet these needs, and highlights the opportunities and challenges practitioners face when trying to improve their release planning policies. The report also uses the results of a UI survey of 43 departments of corrections to illustrate what release planning procedures are currently being implemented across the country.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411767&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Nancy G. La Vigne, Elizabeth Davies, Tobi Palmer, Robin Halberstadt )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411767_successful_reentry.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="668594" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Food Stamps, Federalism, and Working Families]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Food stamp benefits can provide an important supplement to the income of working families (families with children under 18 and earnings), who now make up nearly 40 percent of program participants. States can take advantage of Food Stamp Program policy options that increase eligibility and benefits. Seven policy options are particularly important for working families: more liberal vehicle rules, expanded categorical eligibility, transitional benefits for families leaving cash assistance, outreach, longer certification periods, reduced reporting requirements, and waivers of the required face-to-face interviews at recertification.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411752&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Kenneth Finegold )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 16 Sep 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411752_food_stamps.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="207659" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Are Independents Accruing Political Power?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In the run-up to the presidential election, the number of voters who call themselves independent is swelling. Both Barack Obama and John McCain can trace their primary victories largely to independents. At the same time, millions of Republicans and Democrats crossed over to vote in the other party's primary. Doubtless, the presidential election will swing on these voters.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901188&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 25 Jul 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901188_gwd_political_power.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="24325" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[An Issue of Democracy]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[I know. It's campaign time. Time for our politicians to promise us more and more. Of course, it is always someone else who will pick up the tab. Increasingly it is the young  who are not only asked to pay more for others and get less for themselves, but who are being denied their fundamental democratic rights to share equally in deciding just what type of government we should have.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901181&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901181_gwd019.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="29556" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[A Better Way to Deal With the Leadership Crisis]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Too few boards are doing a good job of helping nonprofit grops carry out their missions, explains Francie Ostrower in this Chronicle of Philanthropy commentary. They need to be more active in fund raising, monitoring programs, community relations, educating the public, and monitoring the board's own performance.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901174&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Francie Ostrower )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 30 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Community-Based Nonprofits Serving Ethnic Populations in the Washington, D.C., Metropolitan Area]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This brief profiles community-based nonprofits in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area that are helping newcomers adjust to their new social and political environment, while affirming their cultural identities. The brief focuses on nonprofit groups that serve Asian, Middle Eastern and African populations and examines the characteristics of these organizations in terms of their number, size, location, and scope of activities. The findings provide a unique picture of the community-based resources that are helping immigrants incorporate into American life.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411675&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Carol J. De Vita, Alicia Lee )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411675_ethnic_populations.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="103193" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Civil Society Structures Serving Latinos in the Washington, D.C., Metropolitan Area]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Over the past decade the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area has become increasingly diverse, driven in large part by the growth of the Latino population. By 2006, almost 610,000 Latinos lived in the region. Today's immigrants, like those before them, contribute to the development of civil society organizations and rely on them for services and activities. Yet little is known about these organizations and the ways they help newcomers build and engage in civil society. This brief provides an overview of nonprofits and religious congregations in the Washington, D.C. region that focus on providing services and support to the Latino population.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411669&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Guillermo Cantor, Carol J. De Vita )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411669_serving_latinos.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="259741" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Child Care Voucher Programs: Provider Experiences in Five Counties]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Child care providers are a linchpin of the voucher subsidy system, yet little is known about how the system works for them.  This comprehensive report examines the voucher experiences of child care centers and family child care homes in five counties in 200304. Using data from a survey of representative sample of providers and discussions with providers, caseworkers, and administrators, it examines provider experiences with key features of voucher systems and highlights policy strategies to help the system better meet their needs. It is part of the Urban Institutes Child Care Providers and the Child Care Voucher System project.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411667&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Gina Adams, Monica Rohacek, Kathleen Snyder )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411667_provider_experiences.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="2148670" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Child Care Centers, Child Care Vouchers, and Faith-Based Organizations]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Faith-based providers are key in delivering child care services overall and for children receiving child care vouchers, though data are scarce in this area. Using data from a survey of a representative sample of centers and site visits in five counties in 2003-4, this report examines the role of faith-based organizations in center-based child care, the extent to which centers affiliated with faith-based organizations care for children receiving vouchers, and whether such providers face barriers to working with the voucher system. The paper is part of the Urban Institutes Child Care Providers and the Child Care Voucher System project.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411666&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Monica Rohacek, Gina Adams, Kathleen Snyder )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411666_faith-based-organizations.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="572729" />
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Boards of Midsize Nonprofits: Their Needs and Challenges]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Nonprofit boards are receiving increased attention from policymakers, media, researchers and the public. Yet most research, policy proposals, and best practice guidelines have been oriented toward large organizations. This brief helps fill a major gap in our understanding by focusing on governance among midsize nonprofits, identifying certain problem areas, and suggesting strategies that those engaged with midsize nonprofits may find helpful in strengthening their boards. The discussion uses data on the subset of 1,862 midsize organizations in our Urban Institute National Survey of Nonprofit Governance, the first national representative study of nonprofit governance.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411659&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Francie Ostrower )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 08 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411659_midsize_nonprofits.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="104161" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[&quot;Disturbing Levels of CEO Dissatisfaction With Board Performance&quot; at Midsize Nonprofits, Study Finds]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Most heads of midsize nonprofits give their trustees low marks for fundraising and monitoring board performance, an Urban Institute study of nonprofits with annual expenses between $500,000 and $5 million has found.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901165&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 08 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[New Edition of Nonprofit Almanac Offers Detailed Portrait of an Expanding Sector]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The Nonprofit Almanac 2008, from the Urban Institute Press, offers data and facts charting the sectors recent evolution. The statistics-packed volume can help nonprofit managers, researchers, the press, and the public better understand changes in the sector and its economic role.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901164&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 02 May 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Filling the Credit Gap: The Role of the Small Business Administration]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The United States Small Business Administration (SBA) was created in 1953 to help Americans start and build small businesses. Recently, the SBA commissioned the Urban Institute to look at four of the agency's loan and investment programs to assess their past performance and consider how the agency can set benchmarks for future performance management. The studies addressed three key research questions of particular interest to SBA and its constituents: 1) Does SBA assistance help the firms that receive it? 2) To what extent does SBA assistance serve its market? 3) Do SBA programs duplicate or overlap with other public sector programs?]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901147&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Shelli B. Rossman, Brett Theodos )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 26 Feb 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901147_credit_gap.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="12093" />
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Restoring Fiscal Integrity to Medicaid Financing?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Using state survey data, researchers examined Medicaid supplemental payments, including disproportionate share hospital and upper payment limit payments in 2005 and changes in these payments between 2001 and 2005. The researchers found that states increased their use of general funds in financing Medicaid DSH payments while expanding the size and scope of other supplemental payments considerably. Although the federal government has made some headway in reforming state Medicaid financing in recent years, the paper concludes that problems persist and more work remains.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1001123&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Teresa A. Coughlin, Stephen Zuckerman, Joshua McFeeters )</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 16 Jan 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Thinking Long Term At the New Year]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In the policy world, elected officials often consider anything more than one year long term. Charles Rangel (D-NY), chair of the House Ways and Means Committee, likes to quip "I don't buy green bananas" when asked to comment on policies for 2010 or beyond. But consider the other end of the spectrum. Orthodox history traces civilization itself back only 5,000 or 6,000 years (e.g., Sumer, Persia, China, Egypt); even 3,000 years ago, few people led what we'd call civilized lives, despite the beginnings of kingships under King David or the Zhou dynasty in China or the advances of the Mayan civilization. From this perspective, most of us alive today will live through 1 percent or more of civilization. And while each year's changes may seem small or marginal, they compound profoundly over a lifetime.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901140&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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	<title><![CDATA[The Office of the President]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[My advice to presidential campaign staffers this season is simple: stop the pandering. Run first and foremost on the one fundamental issue that matters most to the publicthat you will restore the stature and integrity of the Office of President of the United States. In other words, treat as solemn and serious the oath that the Constitution requires every president to take.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901130&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 15 Nov 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
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    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Lecture Series Honoring Paul Offner Launched by University of Wisconsin and Urban Institute]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Paul Offners legacy of applying good scholarship to public policy solutions, especially for societys disadvantaged, will be celebrated with a lecture series sponsored by the University of Wisconsin-Madisons La Follette School of Public Affairs in partnership with the Washington, D.C.-based Urban Institute.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901123&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Blurring the Line Between Charities and Businesses]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In this Washington Post commentary, senior fellow Eugene Steuerle argues that the increased collaboration and competition between businesses and nonprofits calls for a continuous reexamination of tax laws governing charitable giving and charitable status.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901119&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 09 Oct 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[An Ever-More Charitable Society?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[As time goes on, more conflicts seem to flair between charities and businesses, but collaboration is also occurring like never before. These new collaborations and conflicts, and consequent legislative attempts to ensure that charities really are "charitable," can be tricky. But before attempting to judge all these attractions and repulsions between the two sectors, let's hold our peace and ask what is fostering these new relationships in the first place.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901127&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 02 Oct 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901127_charitable_society.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="16798" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Need for Longer-term Services after Disasters]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The extent of our nation's preparedness to address large-scale disasters will likely receive renewed attention around the anniversaries of Hurricane Katrina and the attacks of 9/11. This commentary recommends that disaster planning address not only the immediate and short-term responses to disaster, but also the longer-term social service needs of disaster victims, such as mental health services and case management. The Urban Institute's study of the American Red Cross September 11th Recovery Program provides a sense of the need for such services and their value to those affected by disaster. Integrating longer-term recovery services into disaster planning can help ensure their availability in the wake of future disasters.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901109&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Elaine Morley, Carol J. De Vita )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 31 Aug 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Providing Long-Term Services after Major Disasters]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Nonprofit organizations are a crucial link in our nations emergency preparedness and disaster response efforts, but their role is not always well integrated into disaster planning. After both Hurricane Katrina and 9/11, nonprofits provided immediate and longer-term assistance to help people cope with devastating life changes and the emotional aftermath, but the importance of long-term services is not well understood or even acknowledged by victims and policymakers alike. This brief highlights the lessons learned from the Urban Institutes assessment of the American Red Cross September 11th Recovery Program, which provided grants to community-based organizations to provide longer-term case management, mental health services, and other services to facilitate recovery to eligible individuals.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411519&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Carol J. De Vita, Elaine Morley )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 16 Aug 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411519_major_disasters.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="100936" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Dissemination Lessons Learned]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This paper describes the strategies and tactics used by the Urban Institute's Assessing the New Federalism (ANF) project to communicate changes in the social safety net in the wake of welfare reform. From 1997 to 2004, the growth of electronic communications revolutionized the way people communicate. This report documents how ANF adapted to these changes and offers lessons for future work. Several themes run through this work: continual evaluation of the dissemination program led to continual evolution; cost, time and outcomes were major measures of effectiveness; and being timely and relevant required new communication strategies.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411502&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Harold Leibovitz )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 19 Jul 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411502_child_development.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="165368" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Now To Really Tackle Discrimination : The Government We Deserve]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Louisville is back in the news these days because its plan for integrating schools, like Seattle's, was overturned recently by the Supreme Court. However divided is opinion over this decision, it should force us to look more deeply into what a well-integrated society means and requires. Public debate should range far beyond the use of race as a factor in determining which kids can go to which schools.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901097&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jul 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/gwd009.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="12380" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Nonprofit Governance in the United States : Findings on Performance and Accountability from the First National Representative Study]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Nonprofit boards are increasingly a focus of those interested in greater accountability and transparency, including policymakers, media, and the public.  To help inform current policy debates and initiatives to strengthen nonprofit governance, in 2005 the Urban Institute conducted the first ever national representative survey of nonprofit governance, with over 5,100 participants.  This report presents survey findings, discussing: relationships between public policy and governance, factors that promote or impede boards' performance of basic stewardship responsibilities, board composition and factors associated with board diversity, and recruitment processes, including the difficulty experienced by many nonprofits in finding members.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411479&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Francie Ostrower )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jun 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411479_Nonprofit_Governance.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="273708" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Insular Boards Guide Many Nonprofits]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Many nonprofit boards are cut off from the public they serve by an ethnically homogenous membership and a failure to engage in externally oriented activities, says a new Urban Institute study.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901089&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jun 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Do I Really Deserve Even More Of Your Money? : The Government We Deserve]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) have once again expanded the services provided under Medicare. New coverage of ultrasound monitoring of cardiac output today, new treatments for congestive heart failure yesterday, and, undoubtedly, some new cancer treatment tomorrow. New technology might even help reduce Medicare costs, though past history argues against that rosy result for most improvements. Getting more usually means paying more.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901085&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 18 Jun 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/gwd008.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="12699" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Assessing Federalism: ANF and the Recent Evolution of American Social Policy Federalism]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This paper builds on a series of ANF publications that explored various aspects of social policy federalism since 1996. It explores what ANF's work can tell us about the evolution of federalism within five major social programs during the nine years between 1997 and 2006, focusing on lessons about federal-state relationships. It addresses Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Food Stamps, Medicaid, the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), and child welfare. The paper is the result of a review and synthesis of over 65 publications addressing state and federal financing and/or programmatic arrangements in the major program areas, informed by interviews with experts who participated in ANF research.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411473&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Pamela Winston, Rosa Maria Castaneda )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 04 Jun 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411473_assessing_federalism.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="202672" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Dead Men Ruling : The Government We Deserve]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Let's get the facts straight. The nation's current fiscal mess stems from increasingly foolhardy efforts by both major political parties to control an uncertain future long, long before it has arrived. We've been in budget jams before, but not like this one. For perspective, what if during William Howard Taft's presidency Congress had enacted laws that would predetermine all spending from its day on and well into the 21st century?]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901083&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 01 Jun 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/901083_budget_future.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="15938" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[A Perfect Opportunity for Health Reform : The Government We Deserve]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[A confluence of forces provides an almost perfect opportunity for health reform this year. Not the perfect reform, perhaps, but one that would significantly improve a sadly flagging system. The only obstacle-a big one-is politics. Right now, congressional Democrats are pressing to reauthorize and expand children's health insurance as a way to jump-start a better system. This expansion has already incurred a veto threat, partly because of costs. Separately, some congressional Republicans have indicated serious interest in reforming the way the tax system subsidizes health insurance. The Democrats, in their turn, have reacted with a yawn.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901082&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 24 May 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/gwd006.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="15299" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[How Far Would $50 Billion in Taxes on the Rich Go? : The Government We Deserve]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Democrats at Congress's helm are discovering what Republicans learned by the end of President Bush's first term: they have little leeway to do anything. But, you say, isn't Congress going to try to rescind some of the Bush tax cuts? Most likely, yes, but not enough to make much headway against many problems that each entail annual shortfalls of hundreds of billions of dollars. By contrast, the tax changes being considered might, at best, add $50 billion a year in increased revenues.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901074&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 14 May 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/gwd007.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="13547" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Pension Plan Discrimination Against the Short-Lived : The Government We Deserve]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Many pension plans pay out benefits over a worker's remaining life. Perhaps inadvertently, they then discriminate against groups with shorter life expectancies. Losers include those with poorer health, less education, and more physically demanding jobs. Racial groups with higher mortality rates, like blacks, also lose. This discrimination, however, can largely be overcome with compensating mechanisms.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901073&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 08 May 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/gwd004.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="11278" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Why Even Democrats Should Hope for President Bush to Succeed]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In a Baltimore Sun commentary, senior fellow Eugene Steuerle argues that wanting President Bush or any leader to fail is not a recipe for good governance.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901107&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 03 May 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Putting Lobbyists Back in the Lobby : The Government We Deserve, no. 2]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Representing clients should be an honorable occupation, whether in lobbying or law. After all, there is no public interest without private interests at stake, and the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution demonstrates the value we place on free speech. But, lobbying has moved from the corridors of power into the very chambers where policy is created. Along the way, our elected officials have allowed lobbying to usurp their own role and that of public servants tasked with considering foremost what is in the general interest. The tough, but essential, question becomes not how to regulate away lobbying, but how to put special-interest petitioning in its rightful place.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901069&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 01 May 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/gwd002.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="14505" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Wanting George W. Bush to Succeed : The Government We Deserve, no. 3]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[It doesn't matter whether a president is popular or brings glory to his office. It doesn't matter whether he has failed in the past. Wanting a president to succeed does not mean voting for him, nor does it mean abdicating any belief that others might do a better job. Problems left to fester intensify, and real people stand to get hurt.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901070&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  C. Eugene Steuerle )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/gwd003.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="12749" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[How Effective Are Your Community Services? : Procedures for Performance Measurement, 3rd edition]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Accountability is core to high-performance government, efficient service delivery, and taxpayers confidence in local government. In turn, performance measurement is key to accountability. Performance measurement is the subject of How Effective Are Your Community Services? This book highlights the practical steps necessary to select measures of service quality and use them efficiently. It enables you to assess whether youre doing the right things and how well youre doing them.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=611339&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Harry P. Hatry, Philip S. Schaenman, Donald M. Fisk, John R. Hall, Jr., Louise Snyder )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 01 Feb 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Guide Helps Public Programs Improve Services]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[After publishing a highly successful first edition that helped many government and nonprofit organizations embrace performance measurement as a regular practice, the Urban Institute Press is releasing an updated edition of <em>Performance Measurement: Getting Results</em>, by Harry P. Hatry. The new edition expands Hatry's step-by-step explanation of how to obtain and analyze outcome data and discusses the major uses of this vital information.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901034&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  The Urban Institute )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 26 Jan 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Building a Common Outcome Framework To Measure Nonprofit Performance]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The work described in this report first provides suggested core indicators for 14 categories of nonprofit organizations and then expands the notion of common core indicators to a much wider variety of programs by suggesting a common framework of outcome indicators for all nonprofit programs.  This can provide guidance to nonprofits as they figure out what to measure and how to do it and will work to ease the looming reporting nightmare that will occur unless a common framework for outcome measurement emerges.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411404&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Linda M. Lampkin, Mary Kopczynski Winkler, Janelle Kerlin, Harry P. Hatry, Debra Natenshon, Jason Saul, Julia Melkers, Anna Seshadri )</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 05 Jan 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411404_Nonprofit_Performance.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="179753" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[A Profile of Nonprofit Organizations in Erie County, Pennsylvania]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Nonprofit organizations affect every facet of our lives through a wide array of services and programs ranging from health care to civic participation to education and beyond.  Despite their prevalence, nonprofits are poorly understood and often undervalued for their economic contributions. This study of nonprofits in Erie County, Pennsylvania, takes a systematic look at the county's nonprofit sector, examining its size, scope, and financial underpinning. The report analyzes the dependence of Eries nonprofits on government funding, their financial strengthens and vulnerabilities, their concentration in the Erie metro area, and the availability of services in rural parts of the county.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411395&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Carol J. De Vita )</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 18 Dec 2006 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411395_Nonprofit_Organizations_Erie.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="348245" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Trends in U.S. Foster Care Adoption Legislation : A State by State Analysis]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This study, commissioned by the National Adoption Day Coalition, provides a first look at legislation specifically related to the adoption of children from foster care introduced in the 50 state legislatures and the District of Columbia between 2002 and 2006. Using data from various legislative databases, the study found that state legislatures are active in the area of foster care adoption, but that legislation may not adequately address known barriers to adoption. The study also looked at several bills to understand the legislative process surrounding adoption and considered how legislation supports families after they adopt children from foster care.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411380&amp;RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org (  Erica H. Zielewski, Karin Malm, Rob Geen, Steve Christian )</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 16 Nov 2006 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411380_foster_care.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_Federal/StateGovernment.xml" type="application/pdf" length="50000" />
		
    </item>

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