<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="rssfeed.xsl" ?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="rssfeed.css" ?>
<!--                  
RSS generated by Urban.org on Fri, 10 Feb 2012 16:45:04 EST                
-->
<rss version="2.0">


<channel>
    <title>Urban Institute: Center on International Development and Governance</title>
    <link>http://iac.urban.org</link>
    <description>Urban Institute reports from: Center on International Development and Governance - The Urban Institute is a nonprofit nonpartisan policy research and educational organization established to examine the social, economic, and governance problems facing the nation.</description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright 2012 Urban Institute</copyright>
    <docs>http://backend.userland.com/rss</docs>
    <lastBuildDate>Fri, 10 Feb 2012 16:45:04 EST</lastBuildDate>
    <image>
	    <title>Urban Institute</title>
	    <url>http://www.urban.org/images/UI_logo_29x29.jpg</url>
		<width>29</width>
		<height>29</height>
	    <link>http://www.urban.org</link>
    </image>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Too Much of a Good Thing? Own Revenues and the Political Economy of Intergovernmental Finance Reform: The Albanian Case]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Decentralization projects in developing and transitional countries are typically accompanied by efforts to increase the own-revenue powers of local governments. Both the literature of fiscal federalism and the practices of donors and domestic reformers often see the strengthening these powers as critically important to the success of local government reform initiatives. The recent history of Albanian intergovernmental finance reform, however, suggests that there can be too much of a good thing: Placing the enhancement of local government tax powers at the center of decentralization projects can not only crowd outtheoretically and practicallycritically important efforts to develop stable, predictable, and adequate transfer systems, but can also be politically self-blocking. In this paper, we use the Albanian case to illustrate why in developing countries with highly skewed tax bases there are good reasons to focus first on stabilizing transfer systems, and only secondarily on expanding local government own-revenue powers.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412478&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Anthony Levitas)</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jan 2012 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412478-Political-Economy-of-Intergovernmental-Finance-Reform-The-Albanian-Case.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="216337" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Exploring the Measurement and Effectiveness of the Local Public Sector : Toward a Classification of Local Public Sector Finances and a Comparison of Devolved and Deconcentrated Finances]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Over the past 10 years, the international development community has often treated decentralization and local governance issues through a narrow lens, focusing exclusively on the devolution of financial resources within the context of elected local governments. This paper seeks to define a more detailed metric of (local) public sector finances, which recognizes that the central authorities in each country interact with residents, civil society, and the private sector in three ways: through the direct or delegated delivery of public services (by central government entities); through deconcentrated departments or jurisdictions; and/or through devolved local governments. Formulating a detailed methodology for measuring local public sector finances will serve as a foundation to better understanding of the production function of public sector outputs and outcomes.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412474&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 06 Jan 2012 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412474-Exploring-the-Measurement-and-Effectiveness-of-the-Local-Public-Sector.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="230991" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Asset Management: An International Perspective]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This commentary reflects on a profound impact that the fiscal crisis has on management of public property and overall lack of advanced asset management practices at local governments even though 65-99 percent of the value of the wealth owned on the taxpayers' behalf is concentrated in public land, built-up property and infrastructure.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901467&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Olga Kaganova)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 09 Dec 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Asset Management: An International Perspective]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In this commentary for The Guardian - online, senior fellow Olga Kaganova discusses how local governments don't usually have advanced asset management practices even though 65-99 percent of the value of the wealth owned on the taxpayers' behalf is concentrated in land, built-up property and infrastructure.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901466&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Olga Kaganova)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 23 Nov 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[An Assessment of Afghanistan's Municipal Governance Framework]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[One of the international community's overarching strategic objectives in Afghanistan is to promote a more capable public sector that serves the Afghan people. Afghanistan's Constitution and their Sub-National Governance Policy aim to establish a system of elected municipal governments and a framework that allows municipalities to effectively provide public services to their constituents. This will require a major transformation of municipalities from a weak public sector tier to a devoted local governance level. This paper reviews the current state of municipal governance in Afghanistan and discusses the re-orientation required in order for Afghanistan to achieve a more effective and responsive municipal sector.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412448&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex, Grace  Buencamino, Deborah Kimble)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 18 Nov 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412448-An-Assessment-of-Afghanistans-Municipal-Governance-Framework.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="214335" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Local Government Finances and the Status of Fiscal Decentralization in Macedonia: A Statistical Review, 2008-2011]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Decentralization in Macedonia was conceived of in two different phases, allowing for an asymmetric allocation of fiscal powers. During the first phase, all local governments were assigned the responsibility to deliver only a few  mainly communal  local government functions. After fulfillment of specific conditions and approval by the central government, local governments in Macedonia would be allowed to take on their broader functional responsibilities. Using a detailed dataset of local government finances, this study analyzes the evolution of local government revenues and expenditures in Macedonia and highlights the main problems of the country's intergovernmental finance system.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412444&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Anthony Levitas)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 10 Nov 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412444-Status-of-Fiscal-Decentralization-in-Macedonia.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="609180" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Gender and Property Rights : A Critical Issue in Urban Economic Development]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Gender equality in property rights is a critical human rights issue and a key driver of overall economic development. This paper explores three issues in international development which are not often considered together or in terms of how they relate to each other. These issues are:  (1) The rights of women to participate in property use and ownership with full legal and societal protection; (2) the importance to economic development of property rights in urban areas; and (3) the role of women in economic development. The final section offers recommendations for more effective development programming and implementation through the integration of these issues.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412387&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Carol Rabenhorst, Anjali Bean)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412387-gender-and-property-rights.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="1624733" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Planning for New Libya in Post-Gadhafi Era]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Post-Gadhafi Libya brims with promise, but also with pitfalls. The Urban Institute's Charles Cadwell  and George Mason University's Jack Goldstone outline steps Libya should take if it is to make great strides toward democracy and its people are to enjoy their hard-won freedom.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901445&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jack Goldstone, Charles Cadwell)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 29 Aug 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Fiscal Decentralization in Kenya: A Small Step or Giant Leap?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The Constitution that Kenyans adopted in September 2010 represents an important step in the process of national reconciliation and an important attempt to make Kenya's public sector more efficient and more accountable through devolution. The new Constitution assigns a prominent role in the public sector to county-level governments, as it transfers detailed functional responsibilities to the county level and provides that at least 15 percent of national revenues are to be shared with county governments. This IDG Policy Brief discusses whether the implementation of the Constitution will bring about a sea-change in intergovernmental fiscal relations and public empowerment in Kenya, or whether the changes in Kenya's intergovernmental structure in practice will represent a smaller and more incremental step towards a more decentralized governance structure.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412332&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex, Roy Kelly)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 06 May 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412332-fiscal-decentralization.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="36361" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Democratization in Egypt: The Potential Role of Decentralization]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Although the timing and fervor of the unrest in Egypt over the past several weeks has come as a surprise to many, the underlying causes of the unrest do not come as a surprise. While the removal of President Hosni Mubarak signifies the achievement of the demonstrators' main demand, merely substituting the president or cabinet will not make Egypt more democratic, nor will a change in the national leadership empower the people over the public sector. Instead, deep structural reforms are needed within Egypt's public sector in order to ensure that the public sector is capable of being responsive to the needs of the people. This Policy Brief highlights the role that decentralization reform could play in that process.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412301&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 16 Feb 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412301-Democratization-in-Egypt.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="32697" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[International Experiences on Government Land Development Companies: What Can Be Learned?]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Governments of all levels in a number of countries have experimented with what can be called a government land development corporation. In the past, experimentations with this instrument of land management intensified, but their generalization and exchange of knowledge on the subject across borders is practically lacking. It reviews ten case studies prepared specially in a unified format and discusses similarities and differences among them, along with positive lessons and potential risks. The paper outlines a conceptual design of a new corporation or some guidance on which policy, governance, and business issues should be addressed before such a corporation is established.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412299&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Olga Kaganova)</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 15 Feb 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412299-Government-Land-Development-Companies.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="1042153" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Government Management of Land and Property Assets: Justification for Engagement by the Global Development Community]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In most countries, central as well as local (municipal) governments own or control large holdings of land and built-up properties and, in addition, have the responsibility to provide public infrastructure services within their respective jurisdictionsfrom roads, streets, water, and sewerage to social services, such as schooling. Management of government-owned property assets, including land, as a distinctive area of public management, is still in its infancy compared with traditional areas like public budgeting or public administration. What are the benefits of asset management for the global development community, including for the clientele of the World Bank and other international development institutions?]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412286&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Olga Kaganova)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 19 Jan 2011 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412286-Govt-Management-of-Land.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="27432" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[An Analytical Framework for Assessing Decentralized Local Governance and the Local Public Sector]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The public sector in developing and transition countries must function more effectively and efficiently in pursuit of development and poverty reduction ambitions. This cannot be done without considering the critical role of the local public sector, since most (pro-poor) public services are delivered at the local level. This paper proposes a comparative decentralization assessment framework which guides a rapid assessment of a country's local public sector, including its political-administrative structures, its system of intergovernmental relations and the financing and functioning of the countrys decentralized local governments.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412279&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex, Serdar Yilmaz)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 27 Dec 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412279-an-analytical-framework.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="301878" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Effects of the Suspension of Serbia's Law on Local Government Finance on the Revenue and Expenditure Behavior of Local Governments: 2007-2009]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This note examines the revenue and expenditure responses of local governments to the decrease in their revenues caused by the current economic downturn and by the Government of Serbias suspension of the transfer system put in place by the 2006 Local Government Finance Law (LGFL). The fiscal analysis shows that in response to the elimination of the transfer system, local governments significantly raised their own revenues. Most of this growth came from better collection of the property tax from households and better collection of the land use fee from businesses. Not surprisingly, local investment spending plummeted 26 percent between 2007 and 2009 and virtually disappeared among the worst-off local governments.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412236&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Anthony Levitas)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Oct 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412236-Suspension-of-Serbia-Law.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="373581" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Localizing the MDGs: Unlocking the Potential of the Local Public Sector to Engage in Development and Poverty Reduction]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Given the vast scale of the global development challenge, it is increasingly clear that the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are pursued in a manner that is excessively top-down in nature and that the distance between central government authorities and their citizens is too large for central authorities to effectively empower the people over the public sector. This paper explores to what extent local public entitieswhether in the form of elected local governments or through deconcentrated local departments of the national government-can contribute to achieving poverty reduction and development outcomes.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412237&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Oct 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412237-Localizing-the-MDGs.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="205497" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Using Survey Information To Provide Evaluative Citizen Feedback For Public Service Decisions]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Public opinion polls or surveys of public opinion are used across the world for many
reasons, from estimating election results to citizen report cards. While survey results are
reported and shared with the public, they are also used to help make policy decisions
about public service delivery. This paper focuses on the use of performance information
obtained from citizens to help make decisions about resource allocations and improving
service delivery. Special challenges in conducting surveys and uses of survey-based
performance indicators are presented. Performance data have little value and remain
underutilized if nothing is done with the information. Survey results give information on
what is working and what is not. The cost of not getting this feedback and evaluating how
services affect citizens far outweighs the cost of conducting surveys.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412215&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Ritu Nayyar-Stone, Harry P. Hatry)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 16 Sep 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412215-evaluative-citizen-feedback.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="127409" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Local Government System in Pakistan: Citizens Perceptions and Preferences]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Since the 2008 elections, there has been a lively debate in Pakistan on the reform of local government. Initially, this debate involved stakeholders from many government levels. Later, other voices joinedacademics and policy analysts, columnists and media commentators, and representatives of civil society organizations. What was missing was a voice for citizens. This report presents the results of an opinion survey on citizens views of local government in Pakistan, carried out in October 2008, by the Urban Institute (UI) and ACNielsen (Nielsen). The survey was carried out at a moment in which all of the provinces in Pakistan were reviewing and reforming their local government systems to improve the delivery of services. The survey is intended to solicit and present the citizens voicewhich needs to be taken into account as provinces and the federal government move forward.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412216&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Ritu Nayyar-Stone, Additional Authors)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 16 Sep 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412216-government-system-pakistan.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="309329" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Decentralized local governments as a modality for post-conflict recovery and development: An emerging natural experiment in Northern Uganda]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This initial situation analysis compares the features and potential impact of five postconflict interventions in Northern Uganda, including the Government of Ugandas own Peace, Recovery and Development Plan for Northern Uganda and projects funded by the World Bank, USAID, and DfID. Each program aims to promote peace and recovery through improved public services and infrastructure, economic development, and livelihood opportunities, but each relies on local governments in somewhat different ways and to different extents. This natural experiment will allows us to assess how effectively each program engages local governments and how effectively local governments deliver public services post conflict.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412217&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex, Deborah Kimble, Juliana H. Pigey)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 16 Sep 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412217-decentralized-north-uganda.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="132427" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Effectiveness of the State, Intergovernmental Relations, and the Success or Failure of the International Strategy in Afghanistan]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In the run-up and aftermath of President Hamid Karzai's election to a second term in office, increasing attention is being paid to the ineffectiveness and dysfunction of the public sector in Afghanistan. This Policy Brief describes the characteristics of the current intergovernmental system and the burden it places on the delivery of citizen-focused services. Suggestions for steps that donors can take to address the paradox of having excessive central control in a state that is very weak are suggested at the conclusion.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412080&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex, Charles Cadwell)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 26 Apr 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412080-afgahanistan-international-strategy.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="64561" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Local Government Finances in Macedonia Today: Possible Reforms for Tomorrow]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This study analyzes the funding of local governments in Macedonia today, and whether the current intergovernmental fiscal system provides adequate funding to the local government level. The study relies on a new local government finance database to present a picture of how local government finances have evolved over the last three years, and provides a concrete proposal for initial reforms that would improve the adequacy, efficiency, and equity of intergovernmental financial relations in Macedonia.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412030&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Anthony Levitas)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 22 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412030_local_government_finances.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="424499" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Development beyond the Central City: Eco-Infrastructure in Ulcinj, Montenegro]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The principal objectives and scope of the current study are to examine how eco-infrastructure can be sustained within a multiuse area of a municipality in a transition economy in a way that protects habitat, ensures public access, and is adequately funded and managed. The case of Ulcinj, Montenegro, is presented for this purpose. The methodology employed reviews the available literature and best practices to identify possible models, and then considers them in the context of Ulcinj for their relevance and feasibility. The comparative analysis identifies six examples of nature preserves that successfully protect habitat, ensure public access, and operate sustainably with adequate funding and management. The examples are taken from California, Croatia, Chile, Bolivia, Costa Rica, and Guatemala.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=412023&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Gretchen Mikeska, John Tabor)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412023_eco-infrastructure_ulcinj.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="217481" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Low Income Shelter Finance in Slum Upgrading]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report summarizes findings from the USAID-sponsored project on models of financing for slum upgrading in India, undertaken on behalf of SPARC, a prominent NGO involved in slum upgrading in India and internationally for over two decades, and the National Housing Bank of India (NHB), one of whose main goals is enhancing housing finance for low-income households. In preparing the recommendations, the Urban Institute and SDS India have worked together with USAID and an Advisory Group formed for this project. In addition to SPARC and NHB, the Advisory Group includes banks, housing finance companies (HFCs), foundations, microfinance institutions (MFIs), builders, and Indian research institutions addressing shelter and microfinance.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411966&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Sally R. Merrill, Ajay Suri)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 02 Oct 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411966_low-income_shelter.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="303227" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Fiscal Decentralization and Intergovernmental Finance Reform as an International Development Strategy]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Decentralization and intergovernmental finance have been a common element in international development efforts for many years. However, the success of fiscal decentralization as a development strategy is decidedly unclear, and there is growing skepticism about the
effectiveness of (fiscal) decentralization as an international development strategy. This short
essay explores the current state of knowledge with respect to fiscal decentralization and assesses the relevance of fiscal decentralization to the wider international development agenda, using the fiscal aspects of decentralization as an entry-point into the broader discussion of decentralization.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411919&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411919_fiscal_decentralization.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="207852" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Microfinance for Housing: Assisting the &quot;Bottom Billion&quot; and the &quot;Missing Middle&quot;]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[UN-HABITAT has calculated that one-sixth of humanity1 billion peoplecurrently live in slums. In the next 30 years, this figure could rise to over 31 percent of the world's population. The vast majority of these households will never be able to afford, nor have access to, formal mortgage finance. Thus, increasing the availability of microfinance for housing (MFH) to help provide adequate shelter and sanitation will become increasingly important.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411920&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Sally R. Merrill)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411920_microfinance_housing.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="174363" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Condominium Housing and Mortgage Lending in Emerging Markets--Constraints and Opportunities]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[International experience suggests that there is a strong causal link between housing demand, housing finance, financial sector development and economic growth. Yet, a housing market cannot flourish without mortgage finance, which allows all but the poorer segments of the population to purchase, expand or improve their homes, or to use the equity in their homes for other purposes, such as major purchases, college education, travel or investment. There is now growing recognition of these connections among policy-makers in developing and transition countries, and among international development donors who wish both to strengthen financial markets and to improve the economic well-being of citizens in their client countries. This paper provides an overview of the constraints and opportunities for condominium housing and mortgage lending in emerging markets.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411921&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Carol Rabenhorst, Sonia Ignatova)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411921_condominium_housing.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="164059" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Foreign Aid: Essential to Security, but Money Alone Is Not Enough : IDG Working Paper]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[As President Obama and the 111th Congress prepare to assume office, Urban Institute (UI) experts offer their advice on evidence-based policymaking and the policy issues facing the country. Charles Cadwell, Director of UIs Center on International Development and Governance (IDG) argues that foreign aid and a renewed emphasis on international development are essential to national security and international stability, but that money alone will not achieve the desired policy outcomes. Policies and institutions, not resources, pose the greatest constraints and require the most work ahead.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411884&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Charles Cadwell)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411884_foreign_aid.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="126983" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Local Government Revenue, Land Use, and Economic Development Policies in Serbia: The Case of Nis : IDG Working Paper]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The purpose of this note is to help both local and national government officials think through possible strategies for addressing one of the fundamental issues facing Serbian municipalities today: How do Serbian local governments increase the revenues they need to improve their public infrastructure while simultaneously creating an environment favorable to private investment and local economic development? This is a dilemma that local governments face throughout the world but which is particularly pressing in many developing and transition countries where local governments must address huge deficits in urban infrastructure without at the same time over taxing their business communities upon which their future growth depends. It is also of particular importance in Nis, the third largest city in Serbia and the economic engine of the southern and least developed part of the country.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411885&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Anthony Levitas)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411885_policies_in_serbia.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="376491" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[What Determines the Quality of Local Financial Management? The Case of Tanzania : IDG Working Paper]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[For the public sector to deliver public services and achieve its policy objectives, it is critical that public finances are managed well. Critics of decentralization point out that local governments are often administratively weak, and that poor local financial management can negate the potential benefits from decentralization. While the available research suggests that local financial management outcomes are influenced by more than a local governments financial management practices, little is known in the literature about the determinants of effective local financial management in developing and transition economies. The empirical analysis in this paper uses data for local government authorities in Tanzania in order to explore the relationship between local financial management performance on one hand, and local management practices, local governance, and other local characteristics on the other hand.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411886&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Jameson Boex, Matitu C. Muga)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411886_case_of_tanzania.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="229163" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Aid Effectiveness in the Infrastructure Sector: Final Report]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In response to the challenges posed by the Millennium Development Goals, the key stakeholders in international development set out a new agenda to improve the effectiveness of aid. This agenda, embodied in the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, articulates a series of commitments reflected by the following tenets: ownership, alignment, harmonization, managing for results, and mutual accountability. The goal of this study was to identify lessons learned from the application of the Paris Declaration tenets in the infrastructure sector and, specifically, to determine whether the unique characteristics of this sector result in unique challenges and opportunities for implementing the tenets. This report, submitted to the Steering Committee by The Urban Institute, presents detailed findings on the Study on Aid Effectiveness in the Infrastructure Sector.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411848&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Harry Garnett, Ritu Nayyar-Stone, Sarah Polen)</author>
        <pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411848_studyonaideffectiveness.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="2276873" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Integrating Public Property in the Realm of Fiscal Transparency and Anti-Corruption Efforts]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The area of government property asset management is relatively new in public management.  Most public wealth is concentrated in public property, and expenses associated with it constitute a substantial part of public budgets. The chapter ventures into two international "hot topics": practical enhancement of public financial resources through better management of property asset and curbing corruption in the historically corrupt area of government-owned property. The chapter provides a conceptual and methodological framework for governmental decision-makers and their advisors and ends by formulating and discussing a number of issues that require further professional and public debate.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411821&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Olga Kaganova)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 16 Jan 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411821_integrating_property.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="176691" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Introducing More Transparent and Efficient Land Management in Post-Socialist Cities : Lessons from Kyrgyzstan]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The Urban Institute worked with five cities in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan to apply better management practices through the development of Strategic Land Management Plans. UI worked with local governments to make an inventory of municipal land, publicize the results, and develop a strategy that articulated principles for land management. This led to several improvements including proper registration of parcels and proactive policies to lease and sell land through open competition. It also established a model for determining public policy that countered corruption and public deliberation of costs and benefits in the use of local assets. Donor involvement was also critical to success.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411822&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Olga Kaganova, Abdirasul Akhmatov, Charles Undeland)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 16 Jan 2009 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411822_land_management.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="161431" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[An Urban-Rural Focus on Food Markets in Africa]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Africa's cities purchase much more food domestically than the continent imports or exports; they represent economic hope if rural and peri-urban producers learn to meet their particular food demands, including more meat, dairy, and processed foods. Increased efficiency will come with more onsite processing, contract enforcement, and distribution centers. Best practices from South Africa include the Johannesburg Fresh Produce Market and Thohoyandou Spar Supermarket requiring their agents to purchase a share of their fresh vegetables from small growers. Efforts to strengthen regulation and raise standards must remember that the urban poor depend on public markets, the informal sector and "inferior" products.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411604&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Clare Romanik)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jan 2008 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411604_africa_food_market.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="351457" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Univ. of Maryland's Charles Cadwell Is Appointed Director of Urban Institute's International Activities Center]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Charles Cadwell, a University of Maryland expert on the political economy of reform in developing nations, the relationship of institutions to economic development, and the implementation of legal and judicial reforms, has joined the Urban Institute as the director of its International Activities Center.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=901081&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Urban Institute)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2007 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Assessing the Impact of Devolution of Healthcare and Education in Pakistan]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The conceptual and legal framework for the development of an effective system of local governance in Pakistan was created in July 2001, and a review of the Local Government Ordinance of 2001 reveals that the rules and procedures to govern the process have been set in place. Yet, four and a half years into devolution, political decentralization has not been followed by adequate administrative and fiscal decentralization to ensure quality service delivery to the public. This report assesses the progress and challenges of effective and efficient service delivery in the health, education, and water sectors, local fiscal roles and responsibilities, and local government accountability and citizen participation under devolution. Conclusions presented in the report focus on "governance" issues impeding successful devolution. Many of the recommendations are aimed at donor organizations and several are already being addressed by ongoing USAID projects.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411318&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Ritu Nayyar-Stone, Robert D. Ebel, Sonia Ignatova, Khalid Rashid, Harry P. Hatry, George E. Peterson)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 05 May 2006 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411318_pakistan_project.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="553756" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Estimating the Impact of a Russian Job Search Program Targeted on the Unemployed in Very Low-Income Families]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This paper presents an impact evaluation of an active labor market program operating in over a dozen Russian cities. The program provides job search assistance and significant financial and social services support to unemployed workers who are members of very poor families. It is of interest because of high success (job acquisition) rates previously documented. The analysis shows that participants are significantly more likely to find and retain a job than a control group of similar workers who registered at the local Employment Centers at the same time. On the other hand, these workers were found to take jobs paying significantly lower wages than the controls.  Importantly, data for an earlier participant cohort (but no controls) show that 75 percent of program participants remained employed more than a year after exiting the program.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411060&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Raymond J. Struyk, Kirill Chagin)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 20 Aug 2004 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411060_Russian_job_search.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="93966" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Client Satisfaction with Home Care Services in Rural Russia]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This work explores the satisfaction of a sample of 300 frail elderly from rural Russia with the support services provided by social service agency staff. The client population lives in extremely difficult conditions in terms of housing and associated communal services. They reported high levels of satisfaction with the agency provided services. The patterns identified are broadly consistent with expectations based on modeling done for the U.S. populations receiving at-home care. The results clearly indicate the value of providing such services to frail elderly in such circumstances.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411056&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Raymond J. Struyk, Alexandra Alexandrova, Igor Belyakov, Kirill Chagin)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jul 2004 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411056_client_satisfaction.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="79261" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Assessment of Intergovernmental Relations and Local Governance in the Republic of Uzbekistan]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[The study's primary purpose is to provide background and analysis on existing realities in Uzbekistan as input into USAID's thinking in respect to the timeliness and appropriateness of local government assistance. This assessment addresses the basic legal institutional framework for subnational government in Uzbekistan. It also describes how the central and respective local government tiers interact in practice and, how, at the municipal level, government is organized and operates, most importantly in respect to budgeting and the delivery of basic urban services. In addition, the assessment examines the role of mahallas (a traditional, neighborhood-based form of community self-governance) which have largely been absorbed into the system of state administration. The authors hope that the report will also serve as an informational resource for other parties interested in improving the effectiveness and responsiveness of local government in Uzbekistan.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411152&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Peter Epstein, Matthew Winter, Munira Aminova, Andrei Makarikhin, Clare Romanik)</author>
        <pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411152_intergovernmental_relations.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="828246" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Assessing and Starting a Local Economic Development (LED) Initiative : A Primer for USAID Field Staff]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This primer on Local Economic Development (LED) is designed to provide USAID's field staff with a better understanding of LED. The first section provides a framework first for evaluating the utility of an LED initiative, and then developing an LED strategy. The second section highlights the components of a successful LED strategy. The third section addresses timing the implementation of an LED initiative. The fourth section provides case studies that demonstrate different approaches to LED programs (sectoral, regional, etc.). The primer concludes with samples of LED scopes of work, related websites, and other resource material.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411087&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Bureau for  Economic Growth Agriculture and Trade, Urban Institute)</author>
        <pubDate>Sat, 15 Nov 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411087_LED_initiative.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="87451" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[The Policy Fellows Program : In-Service Training in Public Policy for Russian Local Government Officials]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This article describes UI's efforts to strengthen the policy development skills of Russian local government officials and NGO representatives.  In 2-3 day courses, participants work together on exercises in analytical decision-making methods and monitoring and evaluation.  The course also covers key concepts in policy making, such as considering the distributional aspects of policies, developing explicit decision-making criteria, balancing political and technical factors, defining public goods and services, and introducing competition to the public sector.  Evaluations of the course indicate that it fills a definite training need for local officials and staff at advocacy NGOs in Russia.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=1000701&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Kristin Morse, Raymond J. Struyk)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 01 Oct 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1000701_NISPAcee_Occas2003-4.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="375435" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Urban Sectoral Training for USAID Staff : Final Report and Recommendations for Future Training]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report summarizes the proceedings and lessons learned from a series of courses on urban development designed for USAID's field staff. There were two courses delivered:  Development and Cities (given twice), and Cities and Economic Growth. The former discussed a broad range of urban issues ranging from slum upgrading/participatory management to disaster mitigation, and included participants from both USAID and its partner organizations. The latter covered mobilizing private resources for urban economic growth, the role of local government in promoting economic growth, etc. This final report includes agendas, case studies, evaluation results, focus groups, surveys, and a list of participants.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411079&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Clare Romanik, Kathy Alison)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 01 Oct 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411079_USAID_staff.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="244257" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Contracting with NGOs for Social Services : Building Civil Society and Efficient Local Government in Russia]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[During the transition period, the countries of Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States have witnessed the combination of sharp decentralization of government responsibilities to the local level, the creation of a flourishing nonprofit sector, and a growing need for NGOs to generate income beyond donor assistance to expand services. Russia is no exception. In this environment a strong case can be made for social service NGOs to be contracted by local governments to provide these services on behalf of city agencies. This arrangement provides a funding base for NGOs and introduces healthy competition into service delivery. This monograph describes and analyzes the early experience of several Russian local governments with contracting out. The main conclusion is that for this type of contracting out to be successful will require greater professionalism--of most NGOs in service delivery practices and local government agencies in contracting and in monitoring contractor performance. The author argues for a shift in some donor-supported training activities away from advocacy to service delivery NGOs.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=410871&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Raymond J. Struyk)</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 30 Sep 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/410871_ContractingwithNGOs.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="560891" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[&quot;I Was Born in that Village&quot; : Prospects for Minority Returns and Sustainable Integrated Communities in Kosovo]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This paper presents the findings from a 2003 assessment of the conditions that impede or support minority returns and reintegration in post-conflict Kosovo. The assessment analyzes the status, perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes of groups of internal displaced persons (IDPs) that hinder or promote their successful return and reintegration, and determines the economic, political, and social preconditions that are necessary to create sustainable multi-ethnic communities. The report describes the findings of the assessment team, presents an analysis of relevant issues, and provides specific guidance and recommendations to USAID/Kosovo on how existing and future programs can best support the conditions requisite to successful returns and reintegration.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411100&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Carol Rabenhorst, Kimberly D. Cartwright, Mark Baskin, Enver Hoxhaj, Snezana Karadjic)</author>
        <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jun 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411100_Kosovo_communities.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="350529" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[USAID Citizen Participation Program in Nine Pilot Cities : Report on 2002 Second Follow-Up Household Survey Findings]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This report presents the findings of a 2001 follow-up household survey of citizens' participation in nine Armenian cities.  The survey builds on a similar 2000 baseline household survey, commissioned by USAID and the Government of the Republic of Armenia through the Local Government Assistance Program.  The second follow-up household survey reported here was conducted in order to determine changes during the past year in citizen access to and participation in local government, to assess changes in levels of information about local government, to assess changes in attitudes and levels of satisfaction toward local government, and to assess changes in information sources used by citizens.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411090&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Sam Coxson)</author>
        <pubDate>Sat, 03 May 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411090.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="133422" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Participation in a Decentralized Housing Allowance Program in a Transition Economy]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[When Russia's housing allowance program, the country's first means-tested program, was introduced in 1994, it was truly innovative. But there were difficulties from the start, many arising from the division of authority for setting program parameters among different levels of government. In 1996, the program's original simple basis for benefit determination was seriously impaired by the introduction of different principles for very low-income households. The analysis presented here documents the impact of these variations on participation rates in a sample of Russian cities. Large inequities are obviously present in the treatment of similar households from city to city.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=410831&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Tatiana Lykova, Ekaterina Petrova, Sergei Sivaev, Raymond J. Struyk)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 01 May 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/410831_decentralized_housing_allowance.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="184435" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Final Closeout Report for Armenia Local Government Project]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[From January 2000 through May 2003 the Urban Institute (UI) implemented the Armenia Local Government Project (LGP) on behalf of USAID. This report highlights UI's activities under this project, which comprised four major components: government decentralization and association strengthening; local government capacity and service delivery improvement; citizen participation; and condominium association development and strengthening. This report details key impacts, lessons learned, and future directions for each component of the project.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411091&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Sam Coxson)</author>
        <pubDate>Thu, 01 May 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411091_Armenia_Closeout.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="208503" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Russia's Winter Woes : Tariff Setting for Local Utilities in a Transition Economy]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[During the past two winters, breakdowns in district heating services in Russia have grabbed international headlines. In Russia these services and water and sewerage services are the responsibility of municipal governments; these governments set the tariffs for these services. This article examines the tariff-setting process during 1997-2001 for these two services with particular emphasis on the decision process for considering tariff increases. We find that little progress has been made during the transition period in developing the legal base for rational tariff-setting procedures. Overall, tariff increases have been substantially less than the rate of inflation. Statistical analysis confirms that decisionmaking is highly politicized and that in times of extreme inflation tariff increases lag even further behind inflation. There is an obvious acute need for leadership at the national level to address these problems.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=410830&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Valentin Andrianov, Sergei Sivaev, Raymond J. Struyk, Emin Askerov)</author>
        <pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2003 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/410830_Tariffs.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="204570" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Assessment of Current Legal and Operational Status of Housing Partnerships in Uzbekistan]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[Though Uzbekistan began privatizing apartments in 1993, by 2002, owners continued to have virtually no control over the operation and management of their property; the local government selected leaders, set maintenance fees, and appointed building managers. In an effort to introduce democratic reforms to housing governance in Uzbekistan, USAID asked UI to conduct a preliminary assessment of the legal and operational status of housing partnerships. This report provides an overview of the institutional climate for introducing housing reforms--examining the legal framework, role of government entities, attitudes towards housing partnerships, and housing-related activities of local NGOs and international donors.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411077&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Carol Rabenhorst, Irina Genstler, Sabina Gradwal)</author>
        <pubDate>Fri, 01 Nov 2002 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411077_Uzbek_housing.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="91479" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Community-Based Economic Development Strategy, City of Ijevan, Armenia, 2003-2006]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[In the wake of Armenia's political and economic transformation, local government units are faced with the task of developing a strategic approach to municipal management and local economic development.  This strategy for Ijevan, Armenia offers a model for how to use the strategy planning process to develop a long-term vision of the city's economic growth, and to prepare, implement and monitor an action plan to achieve that vision.  A cooperative effort between the Urban Institute's USAID-funded Local Government Project, city officials and community members, this document details the strategy's methodology, vision statement, SWOT analysis, critical strategic issues, prioritized tasks, and action plan.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411093&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Malcolm Simpson)</author>
        <pubDate>Sun, 01 Sep 2002 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411093_Ijevan_Armenia.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="1081833" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Law of the Republic of Armenia on Apartment Building Management]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This document presents the text of an Armenian law adopted on May 7, 2002 regarding apartment building management. Written by Urban Institute staff, there are 33 articles covering the scope of the law, definitions, rights of ownership, common shared property, rights and responsibilities of owners, the governing body and budget procedures.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=411092&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Carol Rabenhorst)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 01 May 2002 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
		<enclosure url="http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411092_Apt_Building_Mgt.pdf?RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml" type="application/pdf" length="68329" />
		
    </item>


    <item>
	<title><![CDATA[Managing Think Tanks : A Practical Guide for Maturing Organizations]]></title>
	<description><![CDATA[This book provides sophisticated advice tailored to the specific needs of think tank leaders in eight critical management areas: motivating and retaining staff; maintaining quality control; Developing new products and services and identifying new business opportunities; creating strong team leaders; Working successfully with the Board of Trustees or Board of Directors; structuring the research staff; Communicating results effectively; and determining an accurate overhead rate.]]></description>
	<link>http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?id=410454&amp;RSSFeed=UI_CenteronInternationalDevelopmentandGovernance.xml</link>
		<author>paffairs@urban.org ( Raymond J. Struyk)</author>
        <pubDate>Wed, 01 May 2002 00:00:00 EST</pubDate>
		
    </item>

</channel>
</rss>

