The importance of insurance coverage in accessing medical services and improving health outcomes has been well documented, and over 30 million newly insured individuals could experience health improvements as a result of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA).Coverage enhancements, a renewed focus on prevention, as well as incentives for safety, quality and care coordination may also create positive health effects.The ability of the health care system to effectively serve a vastly expanded insured population remains in question, however, and will be critical to the success of the reforms in improving health for individuals and families.