In 2010, about one in eight residents (12.1 percent or 280,000 people) in the Pittsburgh region had incomes below poverty, an increase of 8.5 percent since the Great Recession started in 2007. This report gives an overview of poverty trends in the Pittsburgh region, examines how poverty is defined and measured, and identifies the groups most likely to be at risk of being poor. It also documents how nonprofit organizations responded to the recession. For example, about two-thirds reported demand for services increased, but most providers scaled back their operations because of resource constraints. An appendix provides a fact sheet on poverty and nonprofit capacity for each county in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.