Using state survey data, researchers examined Medicaid supplemental payments, including disproportionate share hospital and upper payment limit payments in 2005 and changes in these payments between 2001 and 2005. The researchers found that states increased their use of general funds in financing Medicaid DSH payments while expanding the size and scope of other supplemental payments considerably. Although the federal government has made some headway in reforming state Medicaid financing in recent years, the paper concludes that problems persist and more work remains.