The Urban Institute held a roundtable designed to inform a broad workforce policy agenda that reflects the changing economic and government landscape and explores new approaches to meeting employer demand for skilled workers and addressing unemployment. Attendees, representing a range of perspectives, focused on collaborative efforts that better connect employers with workforce programs, approaches that help build the education and work experience of under-skilled and unemployed workers, and advances in business practices and technology. This paper highlights attendees' discussions of workforce innovations and practices that hold the most promise and challenges for ensuring an effective U.S. workforce system.