Foreword

Introduction

by Karl Gustaf Scherman
President of the International Social Security Association

2 Reasons for Creating Mandatory Retirement Programs

3 The Economic Cost of Supporting the Retired

4 The Effect of Pensions on Saving and Investment

5 The Effect of Pensions on Labor Supply

6 Public Pensions and International Competitiveness

7 The Mathematics of Pension Contribution Rates

8 Choices of Pension Approaches and Transitions Between Approaches

9 Risks of Mid-Career Economic and Demographic Changes

10 Ensuring Income Adequacy Throughout Retirement

Index