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State Snapshots of Public Benefits for Immigrants
A Supplemental Report to Patchwork PoliciesPublication Date: August 01, 1999 Permanent Link:
http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=309107
The nonpartisan Urban Institute publishes studies, reports, and books on timely topics worthy of public consideration. The views expressed are those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Urban Institute, its trustees, or its funders.
Note: For those wishing to print this report it is recommended that they use the PDF Version.
About the Series
Assessing the New Federalism is a multi-year Urban Institute project designed to analyze the devolution of responsibility from the federal government to the states for health care, income security, employment and training programs, and social services. Researchers monitor program changes and fiscal developments. In collaboration with Child Trends, Inc., the project studies changes in family well-being. The project aims to provide timely, nonpartisan information to inform public debate and to help state and local decisionmakers carry out their new responsibilities more effectively.
Key components of the project include a household survey, studies of policies in 13 states, and a database with information on all states and the District of Columbia, available at the Urban Institute's Web site. This paper is one in a series of occasional papers analyzing the information from these and other sources.
Contents
Introduction
A Guide to the Report
About the Authors
Introduction
This volume serves as a supplement to Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform. That report analyzes federal welfare reform's devolution of immigrant policymaking from the federal government to the states and examines the choices states made regarding immigrants' eligibility for federal and state programs. This companion report provides a one-page summary of each state's immigrant eligibility rules for cash, food, and health assistance programs. We also note state naturalization initiatives begun or expanded in the wake of welfare reform and include some background information on each state's immigrant population and economy. These state-by-state summaries are best used in conjunction with the main report, which provides more detailed information on the availability of public benefits in each state, including the level and type of assistance available and the conditions imposed on eligibility. The main report also examines patterns of choices across states and draws some broad implications of these choices for immigrant families and for policy.
A Guide to the Report
The following serves as a guide for reading the state summaries. We describe each data item; explain the groupings, rankings, and scores used; and provide information on data sources. Unless otherwise noted, all data on immigrant eligibility and program rules were current as of summer/fall 1998 and were collected from state officials as part of an Urban Institute survey on state immigrant policies following federal welfare reform (the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, PRWORA). For the purposes of this report, the District of Columbia is treated as a state.
Population and Economic Information
1996 Noncitizen population and state rank: Noncitizens are foreign-born persons who have not been naturalized. The state with the largest noncitizen population received a ranking of 1 and the state with the smallest noncitizen population received a ranking of 51.
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population and state rank: The state with the largest percentage of noncitizens out of its total population received a ranking of 1 and the state with the smallest percentage of noncitizens received a ranking of 51.
Source for population data: Urban Institute tabulations of the U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, and 1997) were adjusted by Jeffrey Passel of the Urban Institute to correct for overstatement of citizenship status and to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants to the extent they are included in the CPS.
1997 State budget surplus, state rank: The state budget surplus is a measure of the size of each state's 1997 year-end balances as a percent of its 1997 expenditures. Total balances include state year-end balances and balances in budget stabilization or rainy day funds. Data for Alaska and the District of Columbia are not available. The remaining states are ranked from those with the largest budget surpluses to those with the smallest. The state with the largest budget surplus received a ranking of 1 and the state with the smallest budget surplus received a ranking of 49.
Source: National Governors' Association and the National Association of State Budget Officers. 1998. The Fiscal Survey of States: May 1998. Washington, D.C.
1997 Per capita personal income and state rank: This data item provides the average personal income for each state in 1997. The state with the highest per capita income received a ranking of 1 and the state with the lowest per capita income received a ranking of 51.
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1998. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1998 (118th edition). Washington, D.C.
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Key Terms
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Qualified Immigrant: An immigrant falling into one of the following groups:
- lawful permanent residents
- refugees/asylees (defined below)
- persons paroled into the United States for at least one year
- battered spoused and children (pending or approved spousal visa or petition for relief under the Violence Against Women Act)
Unqualified Immigrant: An immigrant not falling within the qualified immigrant group (see above). This group included undocumented immigrants, asylum applicants, many immigrants formerly considered "permanently residing under color of law" (PRUCOL), as well as those with temporary status, such as student and tourists.
Refugees/ Asylee: A person admitted for humanitarian reasons. (The following groups are subject to the same treatment as refugees and asylees):
- persons with deportation/removal witheld
- Cuban-Haitian entrants
- Amerasians
Pre-enactment Immigrant: An immigrant admitted to the United States on or before August 22, 1996, the date federal welfare reform was enacted.
Post-enactment Immigrant: An immigrant admitted to the United States after the enactment of federal welfare reform on August 22,1996.
Sponsor-Deeming: The attribution of the income and resources of an immigrant's sponsor(s)—the person who signs a legally enforceable affidavidt of support—(and their spouse) to the immigrant for the purposes of determining eligibility for public benefits.
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Summary Measure of Immigrant Eligibility
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants: Using the data on program eligibility provided for each state, we created a summary measure of the extent to which states made their safety nets available to immigrants. States are grouped into four categories, with those that made their safety nets the most available to immigrants in category 1 and those that placed the most restrictions on immigrants in category 4. For a more detailed explanation of this measure, see Appendix B in the main report.
Cash Assistance
TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: PRWORA gave states the option of providing Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) to qualified immigrants who were admitted to the United States on or before August 22, 1996, the day federal welfare reform was signed into law. (See definitions of qualified and pre-enactment immigrants in Key Terms above.) TANF is the federal block grant that replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program. Under TANF, states provide cash assistance to low-income families with children.
State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: The federal welfare reform law barred most qualified immigrants who were admitted to the United States after the passage of the law from TANF for their first five years in the country. Some states have opted to use their own funds to provide TANF to this group during the federal five-year bar.
Sponsor-deeming: States that created state-funded TANF programs during the five-year bar have the option of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligible immigrants. (See definition of sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: Following the federal five-year bar on post-enactment immigrants, states have the option to provide TANF to qualified immigrants. States that have not yet decided whether these immigrants will be eligible for TANF are listed as "Undecided."
1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three and state rank: This item provides the 1998 state maximum monthly TANF benefit levels for a family of three with no income. When states provide different benefit levels for exempt families (those families in which the parent or caretaker relative is not subject to work requirements), benefit levels for nonexempt families are provided. When benefit levels vary across counties, the benefit level is provided for the county that has the largest share of the state's TANF caseload.
Source: Falk, Gene, Carmen Solomon-Fears, Tom Gabe, Melinda Gish, and Shiene Hansotia. 1998. Welfare Reform: Financial Eligibility Rules and Benefit Amounts under TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families). CRS Report for Congress. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. May 15.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) substitute program for immigrants: The federal welfare reform law barred many immigrants from the SSI program, which provides cash assistance to low-income elderly and disabled persons. Since then, Congress has restored eligibility for most immigrants in the United States before the law's passage. A few states have created substitute programs for those immigrants who remain ineligible for SSI.
Eligible groups: This data item lists the groups of immigrants eligible for the SSI substitute program, i.e., qualified versus unqualified and pre- versus post-enactment immigrants. (See Key Terms above for definitions of these terms.)
Sponsor-deeming: States that created substitute SSI programs have the option of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligible immigrants. (See definition of sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
General Assistance (GA) or similar cash program: Some states have state or locally funded GA programs, which provide cash or in-kind benefits to low-income individuals or families. These programs may be standard statewide, states may mandate counties to run GA programs, or there may be locally run GA programs. This report includes information only on statewide or state-mandated and county-run programs.
Eligible groups: GA programs generally serve one or more of three types of groups: elderly or disabled individuals; families or children; and childless adults.
Immigrant eligibility: This data item lists the groups of immigrants—qualified versus unqualified and pre- versus post-enactment immigrants—who are eligible for the state GA program. (See Key Terms above for definitions of these terms.) When a state has more than one GA-like program, immigrant eligibility for the program that covers the most groups is listed.
1998 General Assistance (GA) benefit level: This item provides the 1998 maximum monthly benefit for elderly or disabled individuals with no income. (This information is not provided for the District of Columbia because it does not have a GA program for the elderly or disabled.) See Appendix A in the main report for complete information on GA benefit levels.
Food Assistance
State-funded food program for immigrants: The federal welfare reform law barred most immigrants from the federal Food Stamp program. Since then, Congress has restored eligibility to some immigrants who were living in the United States when the law passed. Before these restorations, many states had created food programs to cover immigrants no longer eligible for federal food stamps.
Eligible groups: This data item lists the groups of immigrants eligible for the substitute food program, i.e., qualified versus unqualified and pre- versus post-enactment immigrants. (See Key Terms above for definitions of these terms.) In addition, if states limited access to discrete populations, such as elderly or disabled individuals and children, the specific groups are noted.
Sponsor-deeming: States that created substitute food programs have the option of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligible immigrants. (See definition of sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
Health Care
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: As it did for TANF, PRWORA gave states the option of providing non-emergency Medicaid to qualified immigrants who were admitted to the United States on or before August 22, 1996. (See definition of qualified immigrants in Key Terms above.)
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: The federal welfare reform law barred most qualified immigrants who were admitted to the United States after the passage of the law from non-emergency Medicaid for their first five years in the country. During this five-year bar, some states have opted to cover these immigrants with their own funds.
Sponsor-deeming: States that created state-funded Medicaid programs during the five-year bar have the option of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligible immigrants. (See definition of sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: Following the federal five-year bar on post-enactment immigrants, states have the option to provide non-emergency Medicaid benefits to qualified immigrants. States that have not yet decided whether these immigrants will be eligible for Medicaid are listed as "Undecided."
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: The federal welfare reform law barred unqualified immigrants from non-emergency Medicaid regardless of their date of entry to the United States. Some states have opted to cover some of these unqualified immigrants using state funds. Generally, states have covered immigrants previously considered "permanently residing under color of law" (PRUCOL) who were made eligible for benefits by the courts.
Medicaid generosity level: This measure was developed by Shruti Rajan of the Urban Institute to assess the generosity of states' Medicaid eligibility rules. Among other factors, the scale accounts for state eligibility expansions beyond mandatory populations and the percentage of the population below 200 percent of poverty eligible for Medicaid. States with the most generous Medicaid eligibility rules are in category 1, while states with the most restrictive eligibility rules are in category 8.
Source: The information needed to create this scale was drawn from published documents, tabulations of the CPS, and Urban Institute case studies in 13 states. Data for the District of Columbia are not available. For an explanation of this measure, see Shruti Rajan, 1998, "Publicly Subsidized Health Insurance: A Typology of State Approaches," Health Affairs 17 (3): 101-117.
State health insurance program: Some states have state or locally funded health insurance programs for low-income individuals or families who are ineligible for Medicaid. These programs may be standard statewide, states may mandate counties to run health insurance programs, or there may be locally run health programs. This report includes information only on statewide or state-mandated and county-run programs.
Eligible groups: State health insurance programs generally serve one or more of three types of groups: elderly or disabled individuals; families or children; and childless adults. When a state has more than one health insurance program, eligibility for the program that covers the most groups is listed.
Immigrant eligibility: This data item lists the groups of immigrants eligible for the state health insurance program, i.e., qualified versus unqualified and pre- versus post-enactment immigrants. (See Key Terms above for definitions of these terms.) When a state has more than one health insurance program, immigrant eligibility for the most inclusive program is listed.
Naturalization Initiatives
State naturalization initiative: In response to the immigrant restrictions in the federal welfare reform law, some states reported creating or expanding naturalization initiatives in order to help noncitizens naturalize and retain public benefit eligibility.
Funding amount: This data item includes the amount of funds dedicated to the state naturalization initiative and the most recent fiscal year for which information was reported.
State Summaries
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants Under Welfare Reform for details. N/A= not applicable.
Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998, unless otherwise noted.
Alabama
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- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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40, 000 (31)
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- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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48
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- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
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1 % (42)
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- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
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$20,842 (39)
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- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
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Cash Assistance
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Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$164 (50) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
undecided |
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
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Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
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Naturalization Initiative |
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State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
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Funding amount: |
N/A |
Alaska
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- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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12, 000 (44)
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- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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INFORMATION NOT AVAILABLE
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- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
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2 % (42)
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- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
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$25,305 (20)
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- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
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Cash Assistance
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Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$923 (1) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants |
State health insurance program: |
YES |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$241 (13) |
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults |
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Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants |
| 1. This benefit is an average for Alaska's two GA-like programs serving the elderly of disabled. |
Naturalization Initiative |
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State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
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Funding amount: |
N/A |
Arizona
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- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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412, 000 (7)
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- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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7
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- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
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9% (5)
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- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
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$22,364 (36)
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- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
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Cash Assistance
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Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$347 (33) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
INFORMATION NOT AVAILABLE |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified immigrants |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$1731(22) |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
| 1. If the recipient is not renting housing, the maximum monthly benefit is $108. |
Naturalization Initiative |
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State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
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Funding amount: |
N/A |
Arkansas
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- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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28,000 (37)
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- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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49
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- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
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1% (38)
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- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
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$19,585 (49)
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- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
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Cash Assistance
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Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$204 (45) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
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Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
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Funding amount: |
N/A |
California
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- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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6,048,000 (1)
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- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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46
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- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
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19% (1)
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- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
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$26,570 (14)
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- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
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Cash Assistance
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Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
Pre- and certain post-enactment immigrants |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$565 (7) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
Pre-enactment and certain post enactment immigrants |
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO |
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandates to counties |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES |
Eligible group(s):1 |
Elderly and disabled; famlies with children; childless adults |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
4 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified immigrants |
State health insurance program: |
YES |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$221 (15) |
Eligible group(s):1 |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified immigrants |
| 1. This information is for Los Angeles County's General Relief or General Relief-Medical program. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES |
| |
Funding amount: |
$2,000,000 (FY 98) |
Colorado
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|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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195,000 (14)
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- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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22
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- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
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5% (15)
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- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
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$27,051 (10)
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- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
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Cash Assistance
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|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$356 (30) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandates to counties |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES |
Eligible group(s):1 |
Elderly and disabled |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants |
State health insurance program: |
YES |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$3781 (5) |
Eligible group(s):2 |
Elderly and disabled; families with children |
| 1. This benefit level is an average for Colorado's two GA-like programs serving elderly and disabled individuals. |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants |
| 2. This information is for Colorado's Indigent Care Program. See tables and text in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for information on Colorado's other state health insurance programs. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
Connecticut
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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157,000 (16)
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|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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30
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
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5% (17)
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- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
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$36,263 (1)
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- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
All qualified immigrants |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$636 (3) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
2 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants |
State health insurance program: |
YES |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$350(7) |
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants |
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
Delaware
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- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
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20,000 (41)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
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2
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
3% (23)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$29,022 (6)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$338 (35) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; children |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment immigrants and post-enactment immigrants after a five-year bar |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$123 (35) |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
District of Columbia
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
36,000 (33)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
INFORMATION NOT AVAILABLE
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
6% (10)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$35,852 (2)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$379 (26) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Undecided |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Children |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
INFORMATION NOT AVAILABLE |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified immigrants |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
Florida
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
1,431,000 (4)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
21
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
10% (4)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$25,255 (21)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES1 |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Pre-enactment children, elderly, and disabled immigrants |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$303 (36) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
State health insurance program: |
YES |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A |
Eligible group(s): |
Children |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All immigrant groups |
| 1. Florida's food program ended on 10/31/98. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES |
| |
Funding amount: |
2,000,000 (FY 98) |
Georgia
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
155,000 (17)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
16
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2% (26)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$24,061 (26)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$280 (40) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
5 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
Hawaii
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
121,000 (21)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
37
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
10% (3)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$26,034 (17)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$570 (6) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children1 |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
1 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$3792 |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
1. Families with children are served through the state Temporary Assistance to Other Needy Families program.
2. This benefit level is an average for Hawaii's tow GA-like programs serving elderly and disabled individuals. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
Idaho
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
39,000 (32)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
42
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
3% (20)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,478 (44)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$276 (41) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
NO |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandate to counties |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Varies by county |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
Varies by county |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
Varies by county |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
Illinois
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
695,000 (6)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
36
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
6% (12)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$28,202 (8)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Most pre-enactment and limited post-enactment immigrants |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$377 (27) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES |
Eligible group(s): |
Pre-enactment immigrants |
Sponsor-deeming: |
Undecided |
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandate to localities |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s)1: |
Disabled; children |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7 |
Immigrant eligibility:1 |
Pre-enactment and post-enactment immigrants after a bar |
State health insurance program: |
YES—State mandate to localities |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank):1 |
$1001(25) |
Eligible group(s):1 |
Disabled; children |
| |
Immigrant eligibility:1 |
Pre-enactment and post-enactment immigrants after a bar |
| 1. This information is for the city of Chicago and the 60 other localities that receive state funds and follow state guidelines for their GA and GA-Medical programs. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES |
| |
Funding amount: |
$1,500,000 (FY 97) |
Indiana
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
36,000 (33)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
1
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1% (47)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$23,604 (30)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
Undecided |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$288 (39) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Undecided |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandate to counties |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Varies by county |
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7 |
Immigrant eligibility: |
Varies by county |
State health insurance program: |
NO |
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
Varies by county |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A |
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO |
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A |
Iowa
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
30,000 (36)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
6
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1% (40)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$23,102 (33)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO |
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES |
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$426 (19) |
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES |
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO |
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES |
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandates to counties |
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO |
Eligible group(s): |
Varies by county
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Varies by county
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
Varies by county
|
Eligible group(s): |
Children
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All immigrant groups
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Kansas
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
59,000
(29)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
9
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(24)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$24,379
(25)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A |
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$429
(18)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment qualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$196 (21)
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment qualified immigrants
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Kentucky
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
24,000
(39)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
20
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(47)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,657
(42)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$262
(43)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
5
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Louisiana
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
66,000
(27)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
44
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(33)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,680
(41)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$190
(47)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Maine
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
13,000
(43)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
39
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(40)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$22,078
(37)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
All qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$418
(23)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
3
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$3871
(3)
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified immigrants
|
| 1. Maximum monthly benefits vary by county from $333 to $487 per month. This is the average monthly benefit level. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Maryland
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
261,000
(9)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
18
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
5%
(15)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$28,969
(7)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Qualified immigrant children
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$388
(25)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
4
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$113 (24)
|
Eligible group(s):
1
|
Disabled
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
1
|
All qualified immigrants
|
| 1. This information is for Maryland's Primary Care program. See tables and text in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for information on Maryland's other state health insurance programs. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES
|
| |
Funding amount: |
75,000 (FY 98)
|
Massachusetts
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
327,000
(8)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
28
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
5%
(14)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$31,524
(4)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
All qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$565
(7)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
3
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$339 (8)
|
Eligible group(s):
1
|
Children
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
1
|
All immigrant groups
|
| 1. This information is for Massachusetts's Children's Medical Security Plan. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES
|
| |
Funding amount: |
2,000,000 (FY 98)
|
Michigan
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
224,000
(12)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
10
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(24)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$25,560
(19)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$459
1
(15)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
2
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment qualified immigrants eligible for SSI
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$246 (12)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Information not available
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
Information not available
|
| 1. This benefit level is for Wayne County. Benefits vary across the state to account for shelter costs. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Minnesota
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
138,000
(19)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
4
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
3%
(22)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$26,797
(11)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
All qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$532
(12)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; children
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
4
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Qualified pre-enactment and certain post-enactment immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$203 (18)
|
Eligible group(s):
1
|
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
| 1. This information is for Minnesota's Minnesota Care Program. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES
|
| |
Funding amount: |
1,000,000 (FY 98)
|
Mississippi
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
25,000
(39)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
14
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(42)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$18,272
(51)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$120
(51)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Missouri
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
70,000
(25)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
28
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(37)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$24,001
(27)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Former food stamp recipients
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$292
(37)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled; children
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$80 (41)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Disabled; children
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
Qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Montana
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
7,000
(48)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
41
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(44)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,046
(47)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$450
(16)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Nebraska
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
28,000
(37)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
3
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(31)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$23,803
(28)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
All qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$364
(18)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program:
1 |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s):
1
|
Disabled
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6
|
Immigrant eligibility:
1
|
All qualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$645 (1)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| 1. This information is for Nebraska's State Disability Program. In addition the state mandated counties to run GA programs. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Nevada
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
130,000
(20)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
8
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
8%
(8)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$26,791
(12)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$348
(32)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandate to counties
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Varies by county
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Varies by county
|
State health insurance program: |
YES—State mandate to counties
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
Varies by county
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Varies by county
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
Varies by county
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
New Hampshire
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
17,000
(42)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
45
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(33)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$28,047
(9)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$550
(10)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Pre-enactment immigrants and post-enactment immigrants after a five-year bar
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandate to towns/cities
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Varies by town/city
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
1
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Varies by town/city
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
Varies by town/city
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Children
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
Information not available
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
New Jersey
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
696,000
(5)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
24
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
9%
(6)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$35,654
(3)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Most pre-enactment immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$424
(21)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled; children; childless adults
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
4
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$210 (30)
|
Eligible group(s):
1
|
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
1
|
All immigrant groups
|
| 1. This information is for New Jersey's Charity Care program. See tables and text in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for information on New Jersey's other state health insurance program |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES
|
| |
Funding amount: |
$4,0000,000 (FY 97)
|
New Mexico
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
104,000
(24)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
43
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
6%
(13)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$19,587
(12)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$389
(24)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Information not available
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled; immigrant families with children
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
5
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Qualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$231 (14)
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
New York
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
2,187,000
(2)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
47
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
12%
(2)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$30,752
(5)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Pre-enactment children, elderly, and disabled immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$557
(5)1
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
4
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$3521 (6)
|
Eligible group(s): |
Children
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
All immigrant groups
|
| 1. This benefit level is for New York City |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES
|
| |
Funding amount: |
$2,500,000 (FY 98)
|
North Carolina
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
149,000
(18)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
23
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(26)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$23,345
(32)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$272
(42)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
North Dakota
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
3,000
(51)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
13
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(50)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,271
(46)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$490
(13)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Ohio
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
120,000
(22)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
25
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(38)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$24,661
(22)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled pre-enactment immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$362
(29)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; children and pregnant women
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment qualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$2001 (19)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| 1. The maximum monthly benefit is $200 for pre-enactment immigrants who are ineligible for SSI; the maximum benefit for all other recipients is $115. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Oklahoma
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
48,000
(30)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
11
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(33)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,556
(43)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$292
(37)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Oregon
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
192,000
(15)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
5
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
6%
(11)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$24,393
(24)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$460
(14)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
Information not available
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
5
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Qualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$298 (10)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Pennsylvania
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
215,000
(13)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
33
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(30)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$26,058
(16)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$421
(22)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled; families with children
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
5
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$215 (16)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Rhode Island
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
66,000
(27)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
26
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
7%
(9)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$25,760
(18)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Pre-enactment immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$554
(9)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
3
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment and certain post-enactment immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$200 (19)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Disabled
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
Pre-enactment and certain post-enactment immigrants
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES
|
| |
Funding amount: |
$389,000 (FY 98)
|
South Carolina
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
12,000
(44)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
12
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
0%
(51)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,755
(40)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$201
(46)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Information not available
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
5
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
Information not available
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Information not available
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
Information not available
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
South Dakota
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
6,000
(50)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
38
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(44)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$21,447
(38)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$430
(17)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
NO
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—State mandate to counties
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Varies by county
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Varies by county
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
Varies by county
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Tennessee
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
36,000
(33)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
31
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(46)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$23,018
(34)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$185
(49)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
4
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Texas
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
1,637,000
(3)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
17
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
9%
(7)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$23,656
(29)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Pre-enactment elderly and disabled immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
NO
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$188
(48)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
7
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Utah
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
67,000
(26)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
34
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
3%
(20)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$20,432
(45)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$426
(19)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled; childless adults
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
Pre-enactment immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$261 (11)
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
Qualified pre-enactment and post-enactment immigrants after a five-year bar
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Vermont
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
10,000
(46)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
35
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(31)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$23,401
(31)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
Information not available
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$656
(2)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
2
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$4041 (2)
|
Eligible group(s):
2 |
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
All qualified immigrants and certain unqualified immigrants
|
1. The maximum monthly benefit in Chittenden County is $449.00.
2. This information is for Vermont's General Assistance Medical program. See tables and text in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for information on Vermont's other state health insurance program. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Virginia
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
236,000
(10)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
31
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
4%
(19)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$26,438
(15)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$354
(31)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
Information not available
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Washington
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
234,000
(11)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
27
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
4%
(18)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$26,718
(13)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
1
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
All qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$546
(11)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Undecided
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
YES—Statewide
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
Disabled; children and pregnant women
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
2
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
All qualified and certain unqualified immigrants
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
$339 (8)
|
Eligible group(s):
1
|
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
1
|
All immigrant groups
|
| 1. This information is for Washington's Basic Health Plan. See tables and text in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for information on Washington's other state health insurance programs. |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
YES
|
| |
Funding amount: |
$1,500,000 (FY 98)
|
West Virginia
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
10,000
(46)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
19
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(47)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$18,957
(50)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
4
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$253
(44)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
Information not available
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
6
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Wisconsin
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
109,000
(23)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
39
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
2%
(26)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$24,475
(23)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
2
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
YES
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
All qualified immigrants
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$628
(4)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
3
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
NO
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
N/A
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
N/A
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
Wyoming
|
|
- 1996 Noncitizen population (state rank):
|
7,000
(48)
|
|
- 1997 State budget surplus, state rank:
|
15
|
- 1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's population (state rank):
|
1%
(33)
|
- 1997 Per capita personal income (state rank):
|
$22,648
(35)
|
- Availability of the safety net state grouping (scale 1-4):
3
|
Cash Assistance
|
|
Food Assistance |
| TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: |
YES
|
State-funded food program for immigrants: |
NO
|
| State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
YES
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
| Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: |
YES
|
Health Care |
| 1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three (state rank): |
$340
(34)
|
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: |
NO
|
| SSI substitute program for immigrants: |
NO
|
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Sponsor-deeming: |
N/A
|
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: |
NO
|
| GA or similar cash program: |
NO
|
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: |
NO
|
Eligible group(s): |
N/A
|
Medicaid generosity level
(scale 1-8): |
8
|
Immigrant eligibility: |
N/A
|
State health insurance program: |
YES
|
1998 GA benefit level for an individual (state rank): |
N/A
|
Eligible group(s):
|
Elderly and disabled; families with children; childless adults
|
| |
Immigrant eligibility:
|
All immigrant groups
|
| |
Naturalization Initiative |
| |
State naturalization initiative: |
NO
|
| |
Funding amount: |
N/A
|
About the Authors
Karen C. Tumlin is a research associate in the Urban Institute's Population Studies Center. Her work focuses on immigrant policy and child welfare. For the Assessing the New Federalism project, she has coauthored several reports, including The Cost of Protecting Vulnerable Children: Understanding Federal, State, and Local Child Welfare Spending and Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform.
Wendy Zimmermann is a senior research associate in the Urban Institute's Population Studies Center. Her research concentrates on immigration and immigrant policy. She has coauthored several recent publications on immigrants and welfare reform, including The Legacies of Welfare Reform's Immigrant Restrictions and Declining Immigrant Applications for Medi-Cal and Welfare Benefits in Los Angeles.
Jason Ost was an intern in the Urban Institute's Population Studies Center, where he assisted in developing and maintaining the database of state decisions regarding immigrant eligibility for this report. Mr. Ost is a recent graduate of Georgetown University.
Topics/Tags: | Immigrants | Poverty and Safety Net Related PublicationsOther Publications by the Authors
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