View Research by Author - Robert I. Lerman

More about Robert I. Lerman's areas of expertise can be found on this Urban Institute expert's page.

Citation URL: http://www.urban.org/RobertILerman

If you think apprenticeship sounds like a relic from centuries past — good enough for Ben Franklin but a no-go in a 21st-century economy — think again, Institute Fellow Robert Lerman explains in a commentary for thestate.com

Battered housing prices are central to today's financial crisis. So far, the federal government has directed vast sums to homeowners and the institutions that financed them in ways that are not well-targeted. Meanwhile, the country is missing a good opportunity to stimulate demand for owner-occupied housing in the short run, while making progress in reducing shortfalls in coverage for housing assistance programs. This paper argues that a major expansion of Homeowner Voucher Program provides such an opportunity through an equitable and efficient policy alternative. Published in The Economists' Voice: Vol. 6 : Iss. 6, Article 2.

A college education strongly affects whether or not children from poor or low-income families move up the economic ladder when they become adults. But they are less likely to enroll in either two- or four-year colleges, and less likely to complete a degree when they do, relative to those from middle- and upper-income families — even after accounting for differences in academic preparation. We review current federal efforts to help low-income students attend college, and recommend new policies that would improve their academic preparation, provide more effective guidance on selecting and paying for college, and improve retention and graduation rates.

This report analyzes a survey of a nationally representative sample of sponsors of registered apprenticeship programs. Commissioned by the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor, the survey includes questions about how sponsors (mainly employers) view their registered apprenticeship programs. The study analyzes these survey responses on the value, benefits, and drawbacks of registered apprenticeship, its integration with the workforce investment systems, apprentice completion and reasons for non-completion, and suggestions for possible improvement. In general, sponsors report highly positive attitudes about registered apprenticeship as a system for training their workforce.

If Congress and the Obama administration want to encourage housing demand without breaking the government bank, says Institute Fellow Robert Lerman, they should allow low-income recipients of rent subsidies to buy homes and use their subsidies to help pay the monthly mortgage, tax and insurance costs.

The increasing recognition of the importance of marriage for the social and economic well-being of children has led to demonstrations aimed at strengthening and stimulating healthy marriages. The next step is to ensure that factors closely linked with healthy marriages are addressed as well. This paper brings together research findings and policy ideas about the interactions between marriage, employment, and family functioning. It presents a framework and proposes several demonstrations aimed at improving employment and family outcomes for disadvantaged populations. The appendix reviews an extensive body of research on specific linkages between marriage, employment, and family functioning.

This paper, written for the Workforce Alliance in Washington, D.C., analyzes data on recent employment and wage trends, as well as projections from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, to analyze the likely future demand for workers in "middle-skill" jobs –- i.e., those requiring more than secondary school but less than a bachelor's degree. Contrary to recent assertions that demand for middle-skill jobs will shrink dramatically (creating an "hourglass" or "dumbbell" labor market), we find that demand for such jobs will remain quite robust. The growth in supply of workers with these skills will also likely shrink as baby boomers retire and are replaced by immigrants. Thus, education and training programs that help less-educated workers gain these skills remain a worthwhile investment.

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Using data from the Federal Reserve Board's Surveys of Consumer Finances (SCFs), we follow one segment of a cohort over its life cycle—married couples as the husband ages from 36–44 in 1989 to 51–59 in 2004. We find that middle-income and lower-middle-income married-couple households experienced modest income growth but rapid growth in net worth. Overall, the evidence documents significant gains in income and wealth as married couples aged from their late 30s to their 50s.

Despite a plethora of proposals for helping people build assets, policy researchers have provided little methodological guidance about how best to view and evaluate these policies. This paper is an initial attempt to move in this direction, drawing on methods for assessing income-tested and social insurance programs and on analyses of public policies dealing with savings, investments, and risks. It examines whether and in what ways the traditional criteria of incentives, progressivity, and equity apply to an assessment of asset-building policies. Further, it discusses how to design an asset policy to deal with the potential social dislocations arising from gentrification.

Gentrification presents a quandary for government officials and urban planners concerned about the welfare of low-income families. How can policymakers encourage development in depressed urban neighborhoods without pricing out their residents? The existing strategies—doing nothing, mandating rent control, subsidizing rental housing, decreasing barriers to building low-cost units, and promoting homeownership by low income families—are all problematic. By creating a market for rent options or insurance against rising rental costs, policymakers could preserve housing for low-income people while giving them a stake in improving their neighborhoods. Such financial instruments can also insure builders, preserving and increasing development of affordable housing.

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